side, there is a little window there. Oh, here you have a better picture, the other Look at the other page. The other page, you see, this is the כבש גדול, the regular כבש. This is the small כבש coming to the סובב. This is the small כבש coming down to the יסוד. And on this place, there was a רבובה, there was this window that here you would throw in the חטאת העוף שנפסלה. You mean from the ground you threw it in? No, on the ramp. Oh, you went on the ramp? Yeah, yeah, on the ramp. When it became pasul, they would take it to this place, they would go To that small ramp on this up to the סובב, huh? Yeah, yeah. Like you stand there This to the left. No, that's that's Interesting, so they threw the birds in there? The the pasulah. Yeah, and how how do they get them out? Well, they threw it in, they put it in, and then it's big enough where you're going to crawl through there? No, not crawl, they put it in, they threw it in and then they would take it out Then he says, like ושני שלחנות היו במערב הכבש, on the

מערב side of the כבש, there were two tables. אחד של שיש, שנותנים עליו את האברים, one was made of marble that you would put the pieces of meat that you needed from the קרבנות, ואחד של כסף שנותנים עליו כלי שרת, one is of silver that you would put on the כלים there. So here you actually have pictures. Here you have one table where you put down, you know, the pieces of the פגרים, and here you have all these כלים that you need that they would put it on. What was the What was the כלים for? Huh? What was those כלים for? Well, the knife to shachat and to take the כלי to sprinkle the blood, all these things. They they poured the blood here, they took a hold here. Yeah, yeah. It's a little similar to this, it's a different picture, but that picture is right. Yeah, that's going to be those pictures, cuz see, this is the blood here. Yeah, but here you have also to show where they have to sprinkle the blood on the side of the מזבח. That's that picture. I think they have that picture here later also. It's a poor conductor of heat, and they didn't want it to to the other so that the meat When you shachat, it's still warm. Yeah, but that's Why would you think it'd become tamei? Yeah, because it shouldn't be metal. It should that should be should be cold. To keep keep it fresh, like. They built in the same place? Yeah. Where are we holding here? כשבונין המזבח,

when they build the מזבח, בונין אותו כולו אטום כמין עמוד. It was all solid, like a like a like a beam. ואין יש בו חלל כלל, there was no it wasn't hollow on the bottom, it's not like sometimes you you would make, like the מזבח in בית המ- in משכן was hollow, and then they filled it up with sand, but here it wasn't hollow, it was solid. אלא מביא, and how did they make it? מביא אבנים שלמות גדולות וקטנות, you bring all kinds of stones, and שלמות, it had to be שלמות, you remember from before, it cannot be with a פגם and it cannot be also that it should be cut, so they have to be whole, but they got big stones, small stones, you put it together, ומביא סיד וזפת וקוניא, you would bring these these ingredients, plaster and other things that, you know, to to stick it together, וממחה, you would melt it, ושופך, you take and just mix it in with the stones. What does happen? So it's like when you have cement before I don't mean melt it, I mean it's Molten lead, you trip lead. before Like like cement before it hardens, what's it called? It's Cement. It's cement, it's liquid. I mean it's liquid, so this is liquid, yeah, and you would put it all into a big form. You make like a big frame, כמידותיו, in the measurement of the of the מזבח. You'd make like out of wood a big frame, which and then you would pour all this in and it when it when it would harden, it would harden according to the measurements of the whatever you made, so you would build Then you can't you can't see the stones then. No, then you took off the wood. Oh, well you take off the wood, you see You see then you see the plaster. Yeah, it doesn't have to be. Huh? Whenever if they have to make a מזבח. But I mean you could see If you build the מזבח, that's how they do it. It says בונין, yeah. But in other words, you see the big stones, but you see the the mortar in between. Yeah, you see the mortar in between, yeah.

There's no problem Lead is a metal. There's no problem to have this poured lead in here, to line with pitch and molten lead and pour it in there? I don't know what it means of this, whatever it is. I'm saying, it's no problem when it's a metal to be poured in? I don't know, it wasn't regular lead. If it If lead is a metal, then it wasn't, you couldn't have metal here. It's not metal. ובונה ועולה. Yeah, they Because they took the stone, they have other to the מזבח. ובונה ועולה, you would build it up. ונותן בתוך הבנין גוף של עץ או אבן בקרן דרומית מזרחית שלא יהא לה יסוד. And when it comes to the יסוד, yeah, they would put in a piece of wood where they didn't want there should be the יסוד. And what do they do? So then when they poured this whole mixture and it hardens, and then they took away the piece of wood, became empty. So wherever like we learned yesterday at one place there was a the יסוד only stuck out on two sides, and here a little bit and here a little bit, but these mainly two sides were empty. How did they make it empty? So they put the wood there. וכן עשו לתוך כל קרן וקרן, here also, when they made the horns, they would make it like that. They would put a piece of wood here and a piece of wood here, so, and then, so when they made the, and then when they took the wood out, it became hollow, because we learned yesterday that the קרנות stuck out from the מזבח, but they were hollow. They were an אמה high, an אמה of five טפחים, a smaller אמה, but it was empty, it was hollow. How did it hollow? Because when they poured it, they put a piece of wood there, and then later they took it out. אחרי עשו הבנין, ויסיר הגופים שבתוך הבנין, they would take off these pieces that they put inside, כדי שישאר קרן דרומית מזרחית בלא יסוד, so they took off the piece of wood which they put on the bottom, so that place where they had the wood was not become, did not become hard, and it was empty, וישארו הקרנות חלולין, and the קרנות, the corners, were left hollow. ארבע קרנות, now the Rambam says what's me'akev? What must be, and if not, it's pasul? ארבע קרנות של מזבח, the four corners of the מזבח, the four, okay, horns that we call them, to stick out. ויסודו, and the יסוד. וריבועו, Had a top. Huh? The horn always had a top. Had a top? Yeah, had a top. Rebbe, so how did they make the, Well, why not? How do they get it out afterwards? How did they get the wood outside, out of the out of the, you want to know how they get the wood out of it? Could not the wood fall into the horn? So maybe they open, they opened up the top and they took it out, and then they put This should have said top. This should have said top. He's going by No, it wasn't solid. It was open from the top. It's open from the top. קרנות were hollow. So how did they make it hollow Open from the top. and the top was in fact covered? No, the top was not covered. Yeah, but we don't In the pictures it's not hollow. I mean, it's hollow, but the picture it has a top. In the pictures it has a top. It's open on the top. See? Here. Yeah, it has the pictures there. Okay, so that's how they made it. They made it with separate This is the מזבח, there's more, I know. But here, see? This has a top, you see? Here it has. Here, here it is. And here you have also these parts. Yeah. No, that's not how they did it. That's not how they did it. This is just showing the pieces. That's not how they did it. Why? It was different pieces. No, it wasn't. It wasn't all attached, it was that that's each, that that's each No, it was when when they poured this whole thing, this was poured, too. But only around, and the middle was empty because they had a piece of wood there, and then they took out the piece of wood. How? Well, maybe they put the top on later. Oh, there was a top later? I think so, or maybe they didn't put the top lechatchilah, and they put it on later. Which one? סמ\"ח. You don't know where the top, how the top fits in. סמ\"ח, yeah, here. Here it says here the vision was hollow on the top, even though they showed it closed. We just said that, that's what you said. No, that doesn't answer it. That's what we said. You said before. Here it says from Zevachim. I don't know if you want to look at Zevachim anymore, but Zechariah says they should be filled like bowls like the corners of the altar. The vision implies that under, like, within the altar's corners, can serve as receptacles. Receptacles. They can serve as receptacles, it had to be hollow on the top. But in the Mishkan, the part of the מזבח, so this wasn't, that they were But in the Mishkan, the קרנות on the מזבח were part of the Here also it was part of the מזבח. Here was also part of the מזבח. Yeah, but again, it was part No, I'm saying maybe they didn't lechatchilah, when they made it, they didn't make the top, and they took out the wood, and then they made the top. This what he says what the way he did it, that's not me'akev, that's a prac- a practical thing to do, it's not an halachah you have to do this way. So I'm saying, so practically you probably didn't make the top, they took out the wood, and then they covered it. Put some wood there, but it's not mentioned. Then the קרנות were not really part of the מזבח, because they were put on top. It was! No, when they built it, they built it with the קרנות! When they put in the whole thing, they put it with the קרנות, and the piece of wood inside! Then they took out probably the piece of wood, and they covered it. If it was covered. Or maybe it wasn't covered. Looks like it was covered. Who says it wasn't covered? Looks like it was covered. Think the picture's wrong. Could be. Not that I say the pictures are right, but the people who made the pictures, that's what, they think so, they did did they did investigations, did research, and they did whatever they did, that's why I trust them. I, if somebody made a mistake, sure somebody made a mistake. There's a lot of research. Yes, the other side, yeah, yeah, not the מראות, but this is the same the the of the Har HaBayit, yeah. Okay, let's let's try to finish this. It's also hard to draw, it's hard to draw this. ארבע קרנות של מזבח, the four corners of, the horns of the מזבח. ויסודו, and the יסוד. וריבועו, and the fact that it has to be square, me'akvin. Just like in tefillin, if it's not square it's pasul, the מזבח, if it's not square it's pasul. See the way they draw here, it shows it kinda alludes to to it being hollow on top. See the shadow over there? That's No, otherwise you wouldn't be able to see the square, I think that's why they did it, not because it was open. Sure, I think you can see it here. Uh well, I mean it's alright, okay. could say shaded. Okay. וכל

מזבח שאין לו קרן, יסוד, וכבש, וריבוע, any מזבח that doesn't have the קרן, and it doesn't have the יסוד, and doesn't have the כבש, the ramp, and the ריבוע, the square, הרי הוא פסול, שהארבעתן מעכבין. All four things are me'akev. אבל מידת אורכו, but the size of the length, ומידת רוחבו, or the size of the width, ומידת קומתו, or the height, אינן מעכבין, is not me'akev. Let's say for some reason it became smaller, but as long as it was square, it doesn't matter. והוא שלא יפחת מאמה על אמה, as long as it has at least one אמה by one אמה, ורום שלוש אמות, the height of three אמות, כשיעור מקום המערכה של מזבח מדבר, like the shiur of the מקום המערכה of the מזבח in the מדבר was this size, and that's the minimum it has to be. But more than that, it doesn't have to be. But b'foal, even though Shlomo made the מזבח bigger, much bigger, but that was, but not me'akev. Vayter. מזבח שנפגם מבניינו, if the מזבח has a פגם in the building, and I'll explain what it means. אם נפגם מבניינו כדי טפח, if it's, a פגם has a פגימה of a טפח, פסול. פחות מטפח, כשר. Less than a טפח, it's kasher. Ai, we said we, yes, we learned the other day that the stones of the מזבח, even a פגימה like a, like a חלף of the shechitah, a tiny, tiny פגימה is pasul, so he says, והוא שלא יהא בניכר אבן פגומה. As long as there's no, you have There's two things. You have after you have the whole מזבח, you have the whole mixture of this, what's it called, mo- mortar? Mortar. And you have the mixture. So when you looked at the מזבח, what you saw was, you saw the plaster and they would actually plaster it, we learned, every year. If that got a פגם, then it's up to a טפח, it's still kasher. A

stone got a פגם, that's פסול, אפילו כדי כדי צפורן, even if it's like this. The stone is the real frame, so that Not the frame, the stone is what it was made of. So, not even the foundation? Yeah, the whole inside of the מזבח. That's why they covered it, maybe to protect the stones? Possibly. Also That would be a big problem if if the stone got what they call That then then they have to, no. Take it out? No, you take it out and you put in That's what we learned, you could fix it. So if the stones are protected by plaster, then you don't see if it's chipped. Right, you don't. You only see You only see smooth plaster. But if it chipped, it could be. So as long as it didn't chip a more than a טפח, a טפח or more, it's still kasher, but if it chipped more than a טפח, it's pasul. Mah she'ein kein if the stone for somehow, let's say it chipped a little bit and you see the stone behind the plaster, and it chipped a drop, then it's pasul. So it have to be removed and you have to put a different stone in. The mortar wasn't only in between the stones, it was covering this whole It was, yeah, that's so yeah, and they actually did it every Pesach we learned. Right before it, they would they would Yeah, every replaster it, yeah. If you say that the קרן was made of stone, and it shelled out That's all we got up to. No, in other words, no, the קרן was hollow. Yeah. So mister, what, can it be a stone that they made hollow? Yeah, how did No, and they held it in place and cemented around it, and did their plaster around it? But a stone doesn't have a How do you The whole מזבח was made of אבנים. No, we said how it was made, they put it all together. Just stones. It's stones that they put around it. Not around, no. They mixed it lechatchilah with with cement, with whatever it is, and they put it into a frame, and and they build it and they put it in, when it hardened it became the מזבח. The stones, how big are the stones? Small and big, all kinds, all kinds. So, they put whatever, small, whatever. It's natural. Good, good, good. So, then they take plaster and they plaster around it, and it all it all looks nice and and clean. Yeah. But the קרן, how big was the קרן? It's אמה, אמה. אמה? Yeah. A foot and a half. So, they take a stone this big, and they hollow out How do they hollow it out? With a chisel, not with a ברזל. ברזל? גזית is, no. Yeah, גזית no, גזית you know, you can't have a ברזל, you can't do that. What about that worm? That's a busy worm. By by בית שני, there was no worm. By בית שלישי... You take it out. No, his question was, how did they take the wood out? The frame, they take out the frame. If the top is open Oh, the top was open! Maybe the bottom was not open. Yeah, no, but if It could be open on the bottom. The bottom was hollow. The whole מזבח was solid too here. And they had to only pour it at once. Pour it at once? Yeah, yeah. Is that all of them, or just Why not? Maybe they poured half first and Still then, still not half. But if you pour it half, then you can get in. Not from half, from the top. No, but like you say, it wasn't it was two pours, at least according to this: \"Once it was filled, then four molds, each a cubit by cubit, one cubit high, were placed in each corner for the horns, and then you do the second pouring for the קרנות.\" Huh? Once it was filled, then the four molds Once it was filled, the whole מזבח was filled, a box, and then they made the four horns. One pour, it's different in the משכן. The משכן was made at once, together, at once. Right? The משכן the קרנות came out But then it's a block of wood in the middle like a form. The קרנות came and they pulled it out. But it was hollow on the top, the pictures all show closed. They had to close it afterwards. Okay, that's what That doesn't, that sounds like two pieces. It probably had to be closed anyway because You always say one piece, maybe in the משכן the karnot were part of the of the mizbeach.