Pesachim. Good. We'll begin סימן מ״ט. שלושה דברים ציוה רבי ישמעאל ברבי יוסי את רבי. שלוש. הדבר. You're on the wrong one. Wow. That's strange. There's a different print, everything, now. What do you mean? You said מ״ט. Here it's Here's a... Mine is different. מ״ח. מ״ח? Yeah. Oh, so it's a This this print, I guess. Yeah. Maybe it's a mistake here, I didn't even check. No. Yeah, it should be מ״ח. מ״ח? Yeah, because the one... Yeah, they have מ״ט again, twice. Mistake, so we Should we fix it? Yeah. No, this we could fix, this is an obvious mistake. We just learned about we can't can't learn from a sefer that... Right, that's not mugah. Yeah. So, the Gemara says, \"שלושה דברים...\" אינו מוגה. אינו מוגה. שלושה דברים ציוה רבי ישמעאל ברבי יוסי את רבי. Three things that Rabbi Yishmael berabbi Yose commanded, told Rabbi, you know, before he passed away: אל תעש מום בעצמך. Don't don't make yourself a blemish. מאי היא? What did he mean by that? דלא תעביד דינא בהדי תלתא. Don't hurt yourself. Don't make it that you should have a din Torah against three people. Because if you have a din Torah against three people, you're going to have a problem. It's also a mistake, 328. It's the same print, no? Yes. Oh, is it? Yeah, it's obvious. Yeah. Why is three people no good? Because דחד הוה ליה בעל דינך - you know what they're going to do? They're going to make one of the three people become your opponent, ותרי הוו סהדי עילוך - and the other two will become witnesses against you. What are they going to do? So, you'll always lose. So, make sure don't have a din Torah against three people, because they're going to make this deal. Another thing: ואל תעמוד על המקח בשעה שאין לך דמים. And don't fight over a price if you're not planning to buy anyway. Not planning You don't have money to buy, don't argue, you know, and haggle over the money and then you're not going to buy it anyway. You shouldn't even ask. Huh? Shouldn't even ask, unless you're really serious, right? Yeah, yeah. And also, ואשתך טבלה אל תזקק לה לילה ראשונה. When your wife goes to mikveh, don't be with her the first night. אמר רב - Rav says, it doesn't mean regular, בנידה דאורייתא, it's only the time when there was a נידה דאורייתא. See, nowadays every נידה has seven clean days, because we suspect maybe she's a זבה. A real נידה that's not a זבה doesn't need seven clean days. She Seven days, no matter whether she sees דם or not, at the end of the seven days, if the דם stops, which usually it does, she goes to the mikveh right away. The Rabbanan say that you have to wait seven clean days like you have to wait for a זבה. So, by a נידה דאורייתא, then it says right after that, after the seven days she goes to the mikveh, don't be with her. Why? הואיל והוחזק מעין פתוח, since till then the seven days is considered her her spring, her well that the the source of the דם is open, דילמא משכא זיבה, maybe it'll continue into the next day, so be very careful then. But in a case where nowadays where you have clean days already before she goes to the mikveh, seven clean days, that does not apply. How did they know? So, that sounds like they didn't know if it was finished or not. Well, they did an hefsek taharah. Obviously it's finished. How do you know after taharah? The seven days were over, she made a בדיקה, and the בדיקה came out clean, she's able to go to the mikveh right away. But still, you never know, maybe it stopped for a minute and it's going to continue because because the din is that for seven days, first seven days from when it starts the chazakah is that מעינה פתוח, her מעין, her source of of of... Uterus, I guess. Huh? The מעין's uterus, I guess? is Uterus? is Uterus? No no no, the מעין It's an expression. Not... Fount, huh? The מעין's the fountain, the the the spring, the fountain that's giving the ability to give דם is open, so now it just closed, so you never know maybe it's still not closed completely. שלושה דברים ציוה רבי יוסי ברבי יהודה את רבי. Three things that Rabbi Yosi berabbi Yehudah tell Rabbi: אל תצא יחידי בלילה - to not go out at

night by yourself, ואל תעמוד לפני הנר ערום - don't stand in front of the candle undressed, ואל תכנס למרחץ חדשה - and don't go into a new מרחץ, a new bathhouse that they just built, because the way they used to build שמא תפחת, the way they the way the bathhouses used to go You still see in Masada, I remember I saw the way, they used to have like the bottom is hollow and they have like poles and on top of that they have a board and you're standing on top of the board. And the heat comes, it's like a sweat lodge, and the heat comes from the bottom. Now, when they built it, you never know how how strong it is, you might fall in, maybe Might might break. Might break. So, if it's already there for a while, you know it's holding. And the Gemara, \"ועד כמה?\" - till when is it called new? אמר רבי יהושע בן לוי: עד שנים עשר חודש - till 12 months. If 12 months it lasted, then you know, but till 12 months you never know, it might just break in. Then it says: ואל תעמוד לפני הנר ערום - you shouldn't stand undressed in front of the candles, דתניא: we learned in a ברייתא, העומד לפני הנר ערום הוה נכפה - someone who stands in front of the candle not, undressed is he could become a נכפה. נכפה is a person who has seizures, epileptic, epilepsy. So, when they say candle being, I mean nowadays, a light, or is it just still a candle? You know, what is it? Probably the light, sir. Any light, or is it? Undressing with the light on? I don't... Obviously, it doesn't mean in a place where you have to be undressed. Bathroom, and this, it's a place where you don't have to. המשמש מיטתו לאור הנר, then it says, if someone has relations in front of the candle, which means in light, הוו ליה בנים נכפין, the children that are going to come from that relations are going to be have seizures. תנו רבנן, the Rabbanan taught: המשמש מיטתו על מטה שתינוק ישן עליה, if you have relations on a bed which child is laying on the bed, אותו תינוק, that child is going to become a נכפה. ולא אמרן, but it's only said, אלא דלא הוה בר שתא, if he's not a year old. Under a year. אבל הוה בר שתא, if he's a year old, לית לן בה, doesn't apply. ולא אמרן, even if he's younger than a year, ולא אמרן אלא דנים, it's only if he's sleeping, אבל עיר, if he's awake, לית לן בה, doesn't apply. ולא אמרן אלא בגוונא דגני אכרעיה, it's only if he's laying by the feet, אבל אגב רישיה, if he's laying by the head, לית לן בה, doesn't apply. ולא אמרן אלא דלא מנח ידיה עילויה, and even then, it's only if he's not putting his hand on him, אבל מנח ידיה עילויה, if you put your hand on him, לית לן בה, doesn't apply. ובכלל, it says you shouldn't do this anyway when there's any not even if there's an animal there. Then it says,

אל תצא יחידי בלילה, he told him, \"Don't go out alone at night.\" דתניא, because it says in a beraita: לא יצא אדם יחידי בלילה, don't go out alone at night. לא בלילי רביעיות, which night? Not every night. Not Wednesday night, which really means Tuesday night, the night to Wednesday, ולא בלילי שבתות, and not Friday night. Why? מפני שאיגרת בת מחלת, איגרת בת מחלת is one of is a queen of the shedim. So she יוצאה, she goes out then, והיא ושמונה עשר ריבוא, she and 18 and 180,000 מלאכי חבלה. Second, we'll see what happened then. וכל אחד ואחד, each one of these hundreds of thousands, מלאכי חבלה means bad malachim, malachim that's can hurt you. וכל אחד ואחד יש לו רשות לחבל בפני עצמו, each one of the 180,000 has permission to hurt somebody. So imagine you're you're standing against 180,000 guys who might hurt you. On Tuesday night and Friday night. Yeah, but the Gemara explains: מעיקרא הוו שכיחי כל יומא, originally they would come every night. זימנא חדא, once פגע בה רבי חנינא בן דוסא, Rabbi Chanina ben Dosa met, met her. Met this queen, yeah. Rabbi Chanina ben Dosa, it says in the Gemara in a different place, a maaseh with a snake, and the Gemara says: אוי לו whoever whoever met up with a snake, and אוי לו to the snake who met up with Rabbi Chanina ben Dosa. So she met with Rabbi Chanina ben Dosa. אמרה ליה, so she said to him: אי לאו דמכרזי עלך ברקיע, if they wouldn't have announced about you in שמים: \"הזהרו בחנינא ובתורתו, be careful, don't start up with Rabbi Chanina and his Torah,\" if not for that, סכנתיך, I would put you in סכנה. In other words, I would have hurt you. But what should I do? I heard that they That's a different, yeah. Yeah. אמר לה, so he said to her: אה, אי חשיבנא ברקיע כולי האי, if I'm so chashuv there, so whatever I say counts! גוזרני עליך שלא תעבור ביישוב לעולם, I make a gezeirah you should never be amongst people! אמרה ליה, so she said to him: במטותא מינך, I beg you, שבוק לי רווחא פורתא, leave me a little space! You're taking me away, I have no space. שבק לה לילי שבתות ולילי רביעיות, so he left her for Friday night and Tuesday night. But, later on, another time, years later, יומא חד, once פגע בה באביי. This was Rabbi Chanina ben Dosa was a Tanna, Abaye was later, an Amora, years later. She met Abaye. אמרה ליה, she said the same thing to him: אי לאו דמכרזי עלך ברקיע, if they wouldn't have announced in heaven: \"הזהרו בנחמני ובתורתו, be careful with Nachmani,\" Abaye's name was really Nachmani, \"and his תורה, הוה סכנתיך, I would put you in sakana.\" אמר לה, so he said to her the same thing: אי חשיבנא ברקיע, if I'm so chashuv in heaven, גוזרני עליך שלא תעבור ביישוב לעולם, I'm making a you should never go amongst people. And and that's it! So he made that gezeirah. And since then, So that she did not She couldn't argue, because she already argued and she got her space, now she took it away. So, פרך הגמרא, אבל קא חזינן דקא מזיקי, what do you mean? Now, but we know that there are shedim still around? So the Gemara says: ההוא, this is only in them as they're not amongst people, they're only finding themselves in like sides, little alleys. But sometimes they're riding their horses, and their horse runs away from them into the street, so they come chasing them. That's what the ones we find, whatever that should mean, but that's But otherwise, normally they don't have... I don't know, so who is chasing who? They're chasing, their horse runs away, and they got to get their horse back. So they run out of the alley, and they run into the regular street. Huh? The shed, מלאכי חבלה. מלאכי חבלה riding on horses? Yeah. חבלה horses. That's interesting. Not Kabbalah horses, חבלה, חבלה. Now I understand why the horses run away! You hear people go out alone at night? Talmid chacham, it says, shouldn't. That was a famous joke. How come I always tell this joke? The joke. A guy once came on came to ask for a haskamah for a sefer, and he didn't want to give him the sefer, didn't want to give haskamah, because he didn't like the sefer. Before he left, he says, \"Make sure, you know, at night you shouldn't go out alone, so make sure take the sefer along.\" So people asked the the Rebbe, the the Rav, \"Did you meant to say that the sefer will protect, but you said the sefer is not a good sefer?\" So that's exactly what I meant. As soon as you take this sefer, the shedim will see your sefer, they'll see he's not a talmid chacham, they won't bother you. אמר ליה רבא לרב אסי, לרבא לרב אסי,

אל תדור בעיר דרישא אסיא. Don't live in a city that the the the mayor, or the head of the city is a doctor. Why? Because he's very busy with his patients, so he won't have time to take care of of communal matters. Like we said before about a talmid chacham also, he says, right? A talmid chacham, it says in the Gemara, don't a city where a talmid chacham is the head, don't live there. Because he's going to be busy learning Torah, he's not going to take care of your stuff. But what about one of the אחרונים, wasn't it wasn't the Tur was someone was was the אב בית דין, was the ראש ישיבה, was the רב of the קהילה, was also the had like 12 children? Yeah, but he wasn't Here we're talking about a guy who takes care of צרכי ציבור, like making the road, taking care of the roads and taking care of these things, gashmiyut. ואל תדור במתא דלא צנפי בה סוסיא. Don't live in a city where there are no horses making noise. It means there are no horses. ולא נבח בה כלבא, and the dogs don't bark. Because if you have these, that's protection. If you don't have למשל, you have horses, you could run away if you have to, but if you don't have horses, and dogs also, the dogs are there, they bark if they see something dangerous. But if there are no horses, no dogs, don't live there.

ולא תיסב תרתי, don't marry two wives. ואי נסבת תרתי, if you want to marry two wives, נסוב תלת, marry a third. Yeah, the reason is Rashi says, cause the two no, yeah, the two No, but again, it's not a מכת כותיים. The מכת כותיים is once sometimes we say that they're they're tzarot each other. We're afraid that they're going to plot against you together. But if there's a third, so there's one one of them is going to be on your side, so it will take care of it. You'll have one of three. אמר ליה רב רב said to Rav Kahana zugot anyway. Zugot, right? That's why it's a sakanah, no? That's what he says. It's always a sakanah. The emet is we don't find too many of the Tannaim va'Amoraim who married more than one wife, even though you're allowed to. Questions. אמר ליה רב לרב כהנא, רב said to Rav Kahana: הפוך בנבילתא, you should work with with with a dead with a dead carcass, ולא תהפוך במילי. And don't and don't get into words. In other words, don't say The Gemara will explain soon. Don't say, you know, \"I come to a city, no one knows me, so I'll say, 'No, I'm a talmid chacham. I deserve some support.'\" Don't do that. Even though it means that you're going to have to take a job like clean the street, don't say it. פשוט נבילתא בשוקא, you should skin a nevelah in the street, ושקול אגרא, get paid for that. ולא תימא כהנא אנא, don't say, \"I'm a kohen,\" I'm a big כהן, גברא רבא אנא, \"I'm a great person,\" ודזילא בי מילתא. That'll be a zilzul, that'll be, you know, not nice. So don't say it. So rather do the dirtiest job and don't say, \"I need kavod and I need you should help me.\" Then he says all kinds of ideas. He says, סלק לאגרא But it's not lowering It's lowering, yeah. And for what purpose did he You should The emet is like you shouldn't use the Torah that you learned as a means why people should give you money. So if you're going to say, \"You know, I need support because I'm a talmid...\" and people will will say, \"Oh, very good,\" and they'll give him, but he's using his Torah.

That's called קרדום לחתוך בו. That means you're משתמש בכתרה של תורה, you're mishtamesh with the crown of Torah, you're using it for your personal needs. No. If they give, they give. But you can't If they know If they know you and they want to give you, you can take. But you can't come lechatchilah and say, if they don't know you, \"Give me money because I'm a talmid chacham.\" So I mean, you're supposed to not be so What? Supposed to, what's it, have a sheminit shebasheminit of Yes, the truth is it's a machloket. The Rebbe asked that she'eilah. He asked actually in one of the letters to his father. Rambam says you have sheminit shebasheminit. The question No, not the Rambam. The כתר תורה, it's a talmid chacham has to have sheminit shebasheminit. The Gemara has a machloket and the halachah is לא מינה ולא מקצתה. Shouldn't have even sheminit shebasheminit. The Gemara says The Gemara There's a machloket. One says sheminit shebasheminit. One says you have to have it. There's a vort of the Gra. The Gra had a vort. Sheminit shebasheminit, the eighth of the eighth, which is the פסוק קטנתי. Yeah, the the the He has a beautiful peshat there. The eighth pasuk of the eighth parashah is קטנתי, which means I'm small, you have to be anav, that means you have to be an anav. But anyway, the the רמ The Gemara The maskana of the Gemara is לא מינה ולא מקצתה. Nothing. Towards the beginning, if I'm not mistaken, the Rebbe's saying that sometimes you need ga'avah in order to get yourself out. That's something else. That's something else, yeah. Is that the sichah? Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, but that's it's not ga'avah. It's like it's like feeling good about yourself, about like No, in a case where that still helps you, like the like the Rebbe the whole story with with this chassid, with the Alter Rebbe's chassid who used to go to Petersburg a lot. Because he no Yid could live in Petersburg, and he had the רשות because of his business, but Petersburg was known as a city full of gashmiyut and all the גראבקייט. So, once they asked him, \"How do you manage? You go there so often, and you're still the same chassidishe Yid with the same thing, how did you manage?\" He says, \"How, with gaavah, the yetzer hara didn't get to you, no with gaavah I got him away.\" \"Well, how'd you do it? What do you mean?\" Says, \"The yetzer hara, when I passed by a movie theater, the yetzer hara says, 'No one's seeing, no Yid around, you can go in.' So, I turned around and said, 'Me? No, no, no, I'm so great. I learned so much Gemara, I learned so much Chassidus, I'm a chassid, I'm a Rebbe, I'm I'm this, I'm all that, I should go in? Never!' So, he used gaavah to hold him back.\" That's it. But that's not really gaavah, that's that's like it says ויתהלך ברחבה, it says ויגבה לבו בדרכי השם. It's ויגבה לבו בדרכי השם. להבדיל אלף הבדלות, de Gaulle, Charles de Gaulle, yeah, when he wanted to quit smoking He was he was a real, he was a real bummer. He said, \"How did you quit smoking? People can't switch, they keep on going back.\" He said, \"I went around telling everybody who knows me, everybody who sees me that I had quit smoking. Everybody knew that I told them I quit smoking. Charles de Gaulle, how could I go back to smoking?\" So, he So, what about those the big rabbanim for like this come, and give like for example like a shiur or something like that, and they charge like a lot of cash? No, that's for your that's שכר בטלה. It's for the tircha of it. It's not for the Torah, you're not allowed to take money for Torah. But it's for the ארום, for all this type But a lot of money, sometimes like a lot of money. 'Cause it takes a lot of effort. That's for the tircha, oh. Yeah. The tircha, not for the Torah. Yeah. דאי סלקת לאיגרא So, but in general, I mean, there's also a story about from the Tzemach Tzedek maybe, who took one of the פוילישע רבי'ס maybe, who took, you know, point of the different moneys he would take from the rich, from the very from the ones who had a lot of a lot of riches, a lot of got ones who just had to give tzedakah with the 10%. I don't know, there was maybe there's a story like that that I'm bringing up, what the point was. דאי סלקת לאיגרא, even if you're going up to the roof, yeah, which really means it doesn't mean the roof, it means if you're going on a trip, שרותך בהדך, take food along with you. And you make מאה קרי במתא בזוזא תותי כנפך ליהוו, even if you could buy 100 קרי for for one זוז, meaning food is very cheap, so why do I have to shlep? I'll go there, I'll get it. Don't travel without food. אמר ליה רבא לרבי חייא בריה, רבא said to רבי חייא his son, ולא

תשתי סמא, don't take medicine. Don't take medicine. דבר פשוט. Why? Because it could be good for one thing, it could be no good for other things. Stay with the natural guys, no the guy who is only with natural things. That's regular medicine, medicine even more. ולא תשוור ניגרא, yeah. That's this is one thing, ולא תשוור ניגרא, don't cross, don't jump over a bridge, it comes a little, not bridge, over a little stream, and people jump, don't jump over it. ולא תעקר ככא, don't pull out your teeth, a tooth, even if it's no good, you'll get heal. ולא תנחש בחויא, don't start up with a snake, don't you have a snake in the backyard, don't try you know run chase him this, 'cause he'll come back to you. ולא תנחש בארמאה, don't start up with a גוי. So, how do you cross a stream? Huh? Walk through it. Walk through it. And what do you do with your tooth? It's going to heal anyway? Yeah. Now you tell me. What? A middle person never pulled out a tooth, still got a tooth.