אמר רבי אילעאי רבי אילעאי said בג׳ דברים אדם ניכר, you can tell a person in three things. Famous Gemara. בכוסו, ובכיסו, ובכעסו. בכוסו, you can tell what kind of person he is when he drinks. That's when his real self comes out, the true one. ובכיסו, comes to the wallet, comes to giving money. Doesn't only mean giving money, but business. You can tell when a person does business, he's doing it honestly or not, smooth, right? Yeah. ובכעסו, when he gets angry, then you can see how a person behaves. ויש אומרים, some say, also אף בשחקו, also when he's laughing, when he's you know, you can see how a person He's loose. He lets his guard down. Yeah, so that's when you can tell a person what he is. Rashi says over there like that. בכוסו אם דעתו מיושבת עליו ביינו. What? That's what it said over there בכעס בכוסו. Yeah, yeah, you see if a person drinks and how if he gets crazy, or he calm? I can't calm and he's like he speaks normal, settled. I would say it says over there בכיסו if he If he does business, it's about business, yeah. And that's if he does business in an honest way. In honest way, yeah. If that means anything that has to do with money, how you behave when it comes to money. Yeah, yeah. See when he gets angry, how he gets angry, how it doesn't get angry too much, he doesn't He's a These are times when people are a a little bit are loose, off-guard. And they don't do things normally. That's when you can tell a person. Off-guard. More by when it comes to money, when you see, because that's when he hits his uh his essence, yeah. הזוגי Gemara weiter, תנו רבנן You know what it means so you tell what the how the person really is, right? Yeah, you can tell what the person really is. Otherwise, the Cuz this person could make a make a uh an anstalt, look as if he's like an eidele mentsh and then you see he's not an eidel, starts dealing with screaming this, you know that he's not an eidel person.

מי שיש לו חמש נשים ומקבלות שכר מבעליהן You have five wives and they get their their food, their support from their husband and they all have their own homes. What this noge'a? This is noge'a to נוגע עירוב. I hope five. Well, at least she has five. We're talking about an eruv, and if a woman has a person has his own house, his own house he's mechuyav, you have to make an eruv. It makes it asur if If you have two separate רשויות מדרבנן, it's asur to carry from one to the other unless you make an eruv. What happened if you have five wives, and they all have their own home, but they all receive their money and their food, everything from their husband. Is their being their husband, their husband. And they have their own dirah. The question is do they need a special eruv because they're like serious separate dirot or because they're getting everything from their husband it's like another room in their husband's house. I mean it's all like thinking. So if you have five wives getting their food their things from their husband. ה׳ עבדים מקבלים פרס The same thing, the same question. The same question. You want an eruv for the whole chatzer. Um? Each other's, you have to say they're not included in the eruv, does it make it asur? Obviously you have to have an eruv. If they're separate רשויות you have to have an eruv because the fact that they're separate רשויות makes it asur for you to carry. But if you have them all as one, you don't have to make an eruv. So, he says in this case, if you have five women get everything from their husband, you don't have to make an eruv. This is the case. ה׳ עבדים ומקבלים פרס מרבייהן, you have five slaves also have separate quarters, but they get everything, their support, everything from their ba'al habayit, from their adon, also not. רבי יהודה בן בתירא מתיר בנשים ואוסר בעבדים. רבי יהודה בן בתירא says, by the women, you're tacka right. The women are more connected, like their their husband support them so they're all connected and it's all one. But by עבדים not. עבדים even though they get their support from their בעל הבית, they still each one is a separate דירה, and you have to make uh an eiruv with them. Jewish or or non? No, גויישע עבדים. A Jewish עבד doesn't regular, you know. רבי יהודה בן בבא מתיר בעבדים ואוסר בנשים. רבי יהודה בן בבא says the opposite, by עבדים they're all considered part of you, but not the wives. The wives are a separate issue. אמר Rava, רבא said, מאי טעמא דרבי יהודה בן בבא? What's the sevara of Yehuda ben Bava? דכתיב it says, ודניאל בתרע מלכא. So, Daniel lived in the gate, in the שער, in the place of the מלך. Now, he didn't live there. He had his own place, but because he was like a real עבד נאמן to the מלך, so it's considered as if he's whatever he lived this is in the שער המלך. So the same thing here, we see from here we see that an עבד, a real עבד, is considered שער המלך. That's why עבד he says is מותר, he doesn't considered a separate issue. But, the woman not. I miss because of... Huh? So? A גוי also אסור. Uh, this is You have to make an eiruv. But by a רשות sometimes I'm using the word eiruv, it means it doesn't אסור on you to carry. So if you have one גוי, it doesn't אסור. But if you have more than one גוי, it's אסור. So by wife it's a גופא אחרא. Why does he compare the עבד to Daniel? By wife Huh? Ishto keg ufo? Ishto keg ufo. But this is five, can not. by a king, can have one... What does it... No, but it's also ishto keg ufo. Ishto keg ufo is written by a by an עדות. Can you say עדות about your wife? No, it's a thing in itself. So you have five wives, like No, I'm saying five is like connected to you? They're all five connected. If 20, they're all connected to you. Yeah. האי פרק, yeah, מאימתי משחשיכין, yeah. Yeah, otherwise it would be too much. All of it. Yeah. As much as the Gemara talks about having more than one wife, you hardly find in the Gemara any of the תנאים and אמוראים had more than one wife. Facts was most normal people didn't, I mean חשובע people didn't. Why not? They had They had enough one. Yaakov didn't want more than one. He got stuck with more than one. Yeah, he only wanted one. Yeah, he got stuck. Once there's Rachel, and that's it. It was never a good idea. It was allowed, never a good idea. So

Rabbeinu Gershom said, enough, he had his own problems. Yeah, he has a problem, that's why he that's why he made this חרם. We're מקבל it again. Today nobody has nobody has Nobody has גויים do. But if a wife is disabled, she's blind, then you marry another one, because she cannot do her functions. Not חרם דרבנו גרשום. Well, we don't believe in that. You don't believe? It wasn't חל on you! You don't believe Rabbeinu Gershom? It wasn't חל on them. No, no, Sefardim didn't didn't accept it, because he wasn't he wasn't there at the top of there they Till By the end of the Gemara, from that moment on when the Gemara finished, there's no such thing as anybody having the jurisdiction over כלל ישראל. No such thing. The Gemara, the Gemara has the jurisdiction, that's it. From then on, certain קהילות accepted things, certain, and this Rabbeinu Gershom was on all the Ashkenazim. But the Sefardim were a separate קהילה, they didn't accept. Other things also, we accept we have eating קיטניות on Pesach, המחבר שרייבט א גאנץ פריילעכע זאך עס איז מותר, and they didn't accept it, so it's not חל on them. So, how did they know about it? I mean, all those days, 1,000, 2,000 miles away. Yeah, yeah, but that's but it's not like they didn't know, because it wasn't it wasn't חל on them to begin with. Even if they find out, when they find out, that doesn't mean they never they never accepted. They weren't under the jurisdiction of Rabbeinu Gershom, even though it wasn't just him, he made a whole convention when he made the חרמות, he made many חרמות, not only this. Aren't there areas that the the rule הלכה like the Sefardim? The ספרדים מנהג? We can We can eat it and they shouldn't eat it. Yeah, like the fact that we eat גלאט כשר meat is because we we follow the Sefardim. The Rema פסק׳נס you're allowed to, and the מחבר פסק׳נס you're not allowed to, and the and the Sefardim, they're not allowed to, we're allowed to. על פי דין we were מקבל what the Rema פסק׳נס that you're allowed to. Allowed to what? To eat with a סירכא, with those certain סירכות. So when we eat גלאט, דוקא גלאט, it's because we're מחמיר like the Sefardim. On the other hand there are certain things like שמיטה גידולי קרקע דעיקר תרומה איפה יש תרומה נו שמיטה אינה תרומה דעיקר גידולי קרקע בשמיטה all the Sefardim eat it. That's because they rely on on No, but that's not Sefardim, but that's not something in tradition of Sefardim, that now that the Harav Yosef or whatever, that that's, yeah, I wouldn't say the Sefardim and Ashkenazim. Ashkenazim are thinking that all the All the Sefardim eat it, no? No. No, everyone likes to take on the השטר מכירה this... The shemittah is a klal, there's no she'eilot about shemittah.

There's a שטר מכירה כללי that, but it actually was made by Harav Kook, not not even by by the Sefardim, no. There is no there's no problem with the shemittah we're eating? There is no problem, you're saying, here? No, a lot of people are machmir not to rely on that and and we don't eat, unless there is a אוצר בית דין, for all other things. But also Sefardim are mekel, but that's no, there's Ashkenazim are mekel too. I mean that's that's that's not Ashkenaz. No, there are like this, there are certain traditions from all from 1,000 years that different communities. Turkey small? That's not Sefardim Ashkenazim. The The Rema The Rema is machmir on cotton tzitzit. The Mechaber is not. Yeah. And we're machmir We does here it's not Ashkenazim and Sefardim, here it's Chasidim and Litvakes. We only wear the cotton with uh Yeah, wool. Right. The the But according to the Rema you're allowed, there's shittot that you're allowed to. You are allowed to wear cotton and Yeah, that you're mekayem the tzitzit, and some things. Uh, yeah. Okay, Zogt di Gemara vayter,

אמר רבי יוחנן, רבי יוחנן said, חלון עגול צריך שיהא בהיקפו, here you need cheshbonot, I didn't I didn't cheshbon it out, so we'll rely on the Gemara, that when you have a circular window And the din is like this, that in order for make two rooms to make it like in to have a din like one, and mimela you don't have to make a separate eruv because it's all one רשות, it has to be a window which is ד׳ tefachim by ד׳ tefachim. Four tefachim by four tefachim. What happens if you have a circle? A window which is a circle. So, in order for that to be, so what we need We really need a square, but this is a circle, so in order for this circle to have the to be ד׳ על ד׳, to have the square, four by four, צריך שיהא בהיקפו, so this, I don't know how you call it by a square, circumference is by circle, by square also? What's it called, around? Perimeter. The perimeter has to be כ״ד טפחים ושנים, has to be 24, ah? No, yeah, here it's a circle, you're right. Later it's not. The circumference of the circle has to be 24 tefachim. ושנים ומשהו מהן, and two and a drop has to be בתוך יו״ד. That's like this: when is this window considered an opening? And window here doesn't mean with a glass, obviously, it's a opening. When does this make the two rooms into one room? If number one, it's four by four, and also it starts lower within the ten tefachim from the ground. A drop, you want it to be with... but if it starts over the ten tefachim, then there's a wall between and automatically it's separate רשויות. It has to be that less than ten tefachim is already not a wall, so window is ד׳ by ד׳ and it's less than ten tefachim. So if you have a circle, so he said the circle has to have a circumference of 24 tefachim and two of those 24 tefachim have to be two and a drop has to be within has to be within the ten tefachim the ten tefachim of the ground. Why? Because when you have the circle, what you're going to do is now you're going to make within the circle you're going to make a square. If you want to have that a circle to have a square inside, if you have a square inside, the cheshbon is here now, there are two tefachim from the end of the square until the bottom of the See, a circle goes like this, it's a It goes like this. And then you have If you have a circle, it goes lower than than the bottom line. So the cheshbon now is that there are two tefachim lower. So between the bottom of the square, you have two tefachim. So if you want this the top of the square, the beginning of the square to be lower than ten, so you have to have the circle a drop over two tefachim from this beginning of the circle to be lower. Oh, I need a paper. So, what has to be lower than ten tefachim? The square? Uh, here. Okay. The bottom line of the square has to be lower than ten tefachim. You have a circle, okay? Yeah. This is this this is the wall. Okay. The bottom. Yeah. This is the floor and this is one room and this is another room. And here we're going to have a circle. Yeah? So you have to have this should be two tefachim and a drop. Because if, let's say, if the circle would start on top, let's say the line would be here, Yeah. this part can't count as being down lower than ten, because you have to have a square Ah. make a square within the thing. And how much So the Gemara feels now that how much is from one from the straight line till the furthest point It's two here. There's two tefachim here, two tefachim here, two tefachim here, two tefachim here. So what we need is that this bottom should be within ten. In order for this bottom to be within ten, you have to have two tefachim and a drop. Cuz two tefachim, if it's exactly two tefachim, then it's still not the bottom. Here it's Why? Because if you have two tefachim, then the square starts right here and that's already on top. So if you have two and a drop, so there's a drop of the square within the circle that's already lower. Okay. That's what he says. You need כ״ד tefachim, the circumference has to be 24 טפחים, שנים ומשהו מהן, two and a drop, has to be בתוך יו״ד, explains. The reason is דכי מרבעת ליה, why? Because when you will make a square within the circle, איכא משהו בתוך יו״ד, you'll have at least a drop within יו״ד, cuz if this is two and a drop, and this a circle the square starts here, it'll be already a drop down. This is new construction. Huh? Right? I mean, you want to make a circle, you want to make a round window. No, you made it already. You made it already. So he's trying to What's the din? So he says if the if it has 24 tefachim circumference and it's two and a drop in down under ten, then it's all one one room. פרעגט די Gemara, what's the cheshbon here? מכדי כל שיש בהיקפו ג׳ טפחים יש ברחבו טפח, טפח. Anything that has three tefachim circumference, the diameter is a third. So in this case, he says the תריסר סגי, it's enough 12. Pi, right? Why do we have Why do we have to have 24? 12 would be enough. 12 would be enough if the whole area had to be Oh, oh, so the Gemara says הני מילי בעיגולא. בעיגול, בעיגולא. This one we say that the circumference is twice this, in other words the middle is a third of the circumference, it's only by a circle. אבל בריבוע בעינן טפי. By a square we need more. Why? Because of the corners, so we have to have, see there's if you want a square to be in the circle, it has to be because the corners stick out. Says the גמרא, כמה מרובע יתר על העיגול? Okay, so let's figure out. How much is the square more than the circle? רביע, a quarter. So in that case, ושבסר סגי, it should be enough 16. 12 plus another quarter is another four, so it should be 16. So the circumference of 16 should be enough. So the Gemara says again, הני מילי עיגולא דנפיק מגו ריבועא. That's farkert, if you have a circle within a square, אבל ריבועא דנפיק מגו עיגולא, the square that's within a circle, בעינן טפי. Why? We need more. מאי טעמא? משום מורשא דקרנתא, because of these corners it comes out more. But the Gemara make the cheshbon, it's still not 24. מכדי, after all, כל אמתא בריבועא אמתא ותרי חומשא באלכסונא. Any amah in a square is an amah and two fifths in alchson. In other words, whatever comes from one end to the other, how much is the alchson? One and two fifths. This is pi. One and two fifths? Yeah, this is one and two fifths times this. From here to here is one and two fifths time from here to here, or from here to here. Yeah, that's what it is, that's pi. So the Gemara, in that case, ושבסר נכי חומשא סגי, it would be 17 minus a fifth, if you make the cheshbon how much it'll be. So the Gemara answers, רב יוחנן אמר כדייני דקיסרי, רב יוחנן holds like the דיינים of קיסרי, ואמרי לה, or the רבנן דקיסרי, דאמרי, they say, עיגולא מגו ריבועא רבעא, a circle within a square is a difference in a quarter, וריבועא מגו עיגולא פלגא, and a square within a circle is a half. So it comes out that if it's a half, so this is, if 12 would be enough, and this is double, so it's 24. And everyone does the cheshbon, the cheshbon is a 24. Is it a meshunehs? It ain't a meshunehs. No, that was This is a not Kabbalistic. Kabbalistic, yeah. What, really? Kabbalistic? Tosafos'.