We're holding מ''א, סימן מ''א. Where is he? Was here all week. Shabbos he wasn't here, Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday. Yeah. So the Gemara says, Tanya it says in a beraita. Now this is a beraita taken from, it's in the Gemara, Rosh Hashanah, but it's originally taken from, from Megillat Ta'anit. Megillat Ta'anit was like a beraita that has twelve, twelve פרקים, twelve chapters. Each chapter is on a different month, and it tells you all kinds of yamim tovim every month. And if you look at those yamim tovim, every few days is another Yom Tov. As much as people ta'anen that Lubavitch has a Yom Tov every few days, if you'd follow Megillat Ta'anit, they made yamim tovim vekhuli vekhuli. Then the Gemara says בטלה מגילת תענית. All the yamim tovim from Megillat Ta'anit became בטל except Chanukah and Purim. But everything else is בטל, but there's a whole bunch. So בית המקדש, right. So, what we still should should say, מנפול דחמא ובטל. So, that doesn't matter. Later they Yeah, but that's it's it's a, it's not pashut that they should mevatel it. We, you have yamim tovim. Chamishah Asar B'Av is a Yom Tov because in בית המקדש they stopped chopping wood. I mean, the days we still do things. I know, I'm saying, but there are reasons we give, we say דנשיאים because on on one, one year, the first year of the משכן. I mean, there are Anyway, so it says there, ah? I guess because they more It says the בית המקדש was destroyed, it's not it's not only that, more צרות came and this, so they felt we can't A lot, but not everything. Some had to do, many had to do with the כותים and the כותים. Take like this one, the one that we're going to learn now is not to בית המקדש, but still they it was because there were so many צרות became that this is all שמחות. So, it says there: בעשרין ותמניא ביה, which is כ''ח אדר, doesn't say here, but that was this is in a פרק of אדר, אתת בשורתא טבתא ליהודאי, came a good besorah to the יידן, דלא יעדון מן דאורייתא, that they were not be we're not going to be pushed away from learning Torah. Because פעם אחת, once, גזרה מלכות הרשעה גזרה על ישראל, the terrible מלכות, the evil government made the evil decree on the יידן, שלא יעסקו בתורה, number one, they shouldn't learn תורה, ושלא ימולו את בניהם, not to do מילה, ושיחללו שבתות, they should מחלל שבת. מה עשה יהודה בן שמוע וחבריו?

What did יהודה בן שמוע and his friends do? הלכו ונטלו עצה מן מטרוניתא אחת, they went to one like princess, or one very חשובה lady, שכל גדולי רומי מצויין אצלה. All the great people of Rome used to go to her, obviously not to learn Chassidus, I mean they Yeah. So, they used to go to her, אמרו and they asked her, what should we do? אמרה להם, so she said to them, בואו והפגינו בלילה, go at night and make a demonstration. Go make a demonstration. עמדו והפגינו בלילה. So, they went and they made like a demonstration at night, that's where the word hafganah in Israel when they have a demonstration called hafganah comes from this. So, they came at night ואמרו, this is what they, and she said, screamed, protest! And they said like this: אי שמים! Oy, oy, Eibershter! And then they turn around to the גוים and say, לא אחיכם אנו? Are we not your brothers? לא בני אב אחד אנו? Aren't we all children from the same father? לא בני אם אחת אנו? Aren't we all not the same mother? אדם הראשון, חוה, we're all come from the same people. מה נשתנינו מכל אומה ולשון Yeah, but they said that it's talking to Romans, and they're saying, Oy, Eibershter! This is what we want to say. Doesn't say which ones. It says when it says מלכות הרשעה, we're never sure which one it is. It makes- Usually it's Rome. Right? Yeah, it was אמרה להם. Okay. Because in in we say in by Chanukah, we say מלכות יון הרשעה. But yeah, but here this is not Usually it's it's Rome. And here it said they Yeah, but it doesn't mean that this was מלכות רומי. They were calling They were calling Rome the heavens, בשמים. No. So, they were they were looking for mercy there, so they were So, they were refer to the Eibershter. For God's sake. Rashi says, אהו, oh, like that, for God's sake! אהו להקדוש ברוך הוא היו צועקים. They were screaming, and this is what they said: Why are we different? And this is a good kashya we could ask the גוים always. Why is are we different מכל אומה ולשון, from all other nations, שאתם גוזרים עלינו גזירות קשות, that you make a bad gezeira on us? And when they made this demonstration, ובטלום! They were mevatel the gezeirah. They nullified the gezeirah. ואותו היום עשו יום טוב, so they made a Yom Tov. So, כ''ח אדר is a Yom Tov. Esav. Huh? Esav. They're the same family. We're the same family. Yeah. Do we know what was her sevara, why? Huh? I guess she knew what's going on in the government, so she knew that if you're going to make a ta'aroves, it will work. Not always does it work. Depends what people they are. למשל, when they rushed it, the Rebbe, they made demonstrations and the Rebbe was so much against it and said, \"All it does, it makes it worse.\" Right. It says for And even though after the demonstrations, Yidden went out, so they said, \"You see, Yidden went out after the demonstrations.\" The Rebbe said, \"You don't understand. In spite of the demonstrations, Yidden went out. If not for demonstrations, more Yidden would go out. And you don't know what kind of tzaros they made the Yidden over there for the demonstrations here.\" And the Rebbe says, \"I know what's going on. I know from the inside stories.\" Anyway, but here the demonstrations worked. Not always is it the same. זאגט די גמרא ווייטער, Rebbi certainly knew the Gemara. Yeah. Megillat Taanit had was, um, uh, broken by the months? Yeah. Yeah, it's about the months. This is in Adar. Then the Gemara says, רב נחמן גזר תעניתא בתריסר. He made a תענית on the 12th day of the month. Of which month? The other he said? Here it doesn't say, but it seems like it's the same happened the same I think 11th. Huh? What's the first thing? What's the first thing? We know. 11th. 11th. 11th. You can't fast there. So, must could be it's a different month. אמרו ליה רבנן, so the רבנן said to him, יום טוריינוס הוא. It's a יום טוב like. It's a יום טוב called the day of טוריינוס, cuz this ימים טובים had different names based on the different things that happened. We'll see in the גמרא what יום טוריינוס is. אמרו אמר להו, so he said to them, יום טוריינוס גופיה ביטולו בטלוה. יום טוריינוס is בטל. In other words, we don't celebrate anymore this יום טוב of יום טוריינוס. And the reason is הואיל ונהרגו בו שמיה ואחיה אחיו אחיב, because שמיה and אחיה, his brother, they were killed on that day. And Rashi says, we don't know exactly who it is, חסידים היו, and there was a gezeirah, I guess they got killed and memeila, we and the same day we stopped celebrating that Yom Tov. Then the Gemara says, מאי ניקנור, then there was a day called יום ניקנור. What's Nikanor? תניא, we learned like this. This is not the same ניקנור that we have the gates in the שער ניקנור in in Beit Hamikdash. It's a different Nikanor. תניא, we learned like this, ניקנור אחד מאפרכי יוונים היה, he was one of the officers by the Greeks. כל יום ויום היה מניף ידו על יהודה ועל ירושלים, every day he picked up his hand towards ירושלים, towards יהודה, ואומר, and he said, אימתי תיפול בידי, when will they fall into my hands? ואארמסנה, and I will squish them. I will crush them. כשגברה בית חשמונאי ונצחום, and the Chashmonaim won, so what did they do? They took him, וקיצצו בהונות ידיו ורגליו, they cut off his fingers from his hands and his feet, ותלאום בשערי ירושלים, and they hung it in the gates of ירושלים. אמרו, and they said, פה שהיה מדבר בגאוה, a mouth that spoke spoke בגאוה against ארץ ישראל, against יהודה, וידיים שהיו מניפות על יהודה וירושלים, and the hands that were picked up on against יהודה and ירושלים, רגלים שהיו מחשב or שהיו מחשב לרמוס בהם, and the feet that he had planned to use to trample ירושלים, to crush ירושלים, תעשה נקמה זו, this נקמה will happen. So, they showed that the Aibershter made and took a nekamah. Hung his head, too. Huh? It seems like that cuz it doesn't say here, but it seems like, since it's the mouth, so they must have done something with this that people were able to see his head also. But we Before we said that that day was originally יום טוריינוס, and then, because of the other thing, they stopped celebrating. מאי יום טוריינוס, מאי טוריינוס, what's the story of Turianus? אמרו, they this is what they said. כשביקש טוריינוס להרוג את לוליאנוס ואת פפוס אחיו בלודיקיא, there was a time when Turianus wanted to kill Lulianus and Papos, two brothers in Lodikia. What was the story there? So, Rashi brings the story. And Rashi says this is called הרוגי לוד. The Gemara says that there is הרוגי לוד Actually, the story goes that Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi's son died, and then he got techiyat hametim, he woke up again. And they asked him, \"What did you see up there?\" So, he gave a whole description what he saw up there. First of all, he said, \"I saw it's a mixed-up world, olam hafuch ra'iti. People who down here are very chashuv, up there they're not so chashuv. People who are not so chashuv down here are they're pretty chashuv, so it's a mixed-up world.\" So, his father told him, \"You didn't see עולם הפוך. You saw a עולם ברור. These people, we think are chashuv, really not chashuv. Up there, they know the truth.\" Anyway, then they asked him, \"Who are the the people who held in highest esteem up there?\" So, he said, they said הרוגי מלכות, those that were killed for mesirat nefesh by the government. So the Gemara, who is that? Who is that? Is that רבי עקיבא וחביריו, Rabbi Akiva and עשרה מ עשרה הרוגי מלכות? So the Gemara said, can't be, be, cuz they would be high up without the mesirat nefesh. I mean they were great be'etzem. So the Gemara says it's הרוגי לוד. Who are the הרוגי לוד? People got killed in Lod. So Rashi there, Rashi brings also that once they found the daughter of the king dead, and obviously who do they blame right away? They blamed the Yidden. So the king made a gezeirah that if the Yidden don't give out the one that killed her, which was not true, but the one give out, he's going to kill all the Yidden. So two brothers, Lulianus and Pappos, came out and said, \"We did it.\" But they didn't, but they were ready to go on mesirat nefesh to to save all the Yidden. Huh? They went on mesirat nefesh. What did I say? No, when they went out, they were and then they they got killed, yeah, and they Now, so what happened there? אמר להם, so he said to them, אם מעמו של חנניה, מישאל ועזריה אתם, so the king said to them right before he killed them, he said, \"If you belong to the same nation as חנניה, מישאל ועזריה, יבא אלהיכם ויצילכם מידי. Let the Eibershter save you from me, כדרך שהציל לחנניה, מישאל ועזריה מיד נבוכדנצר, just like the Eibershter saved חנניה, מישאל ועזריה from נבוכדנצר when they throw him threw him into the furnace and they were saved.\" אמרו לו, so they said to the king like this, \"חנניה, מישאל ועזריה צדיקים גמורים היו. חנניה, מישאל ועזריה were great צדיקים, וראויין לעשות להם נס, they deserved a nes should happen to them. נבוכדנצר מלך הגון היה, נבוכדנצר was also a good king. Good, אך און וויי, but that's what they said to him. וראוי לעשות נס על ידו, so he deserved that a נס should happen through him. ואתה רשע, but you, רשע, הדיוט הוא, you are a nothing, ואינו ראוי לעשות נס על ידו, it's you're not deserving that a נס should happen through you. ואנחנו נתחייבנו כליה למקום, and we are getting killed because we don't deserve to be saved, we deserve to to die. ואם אין אתה הורגנו, if you won't kill us, הרבה הורגים יש ביד המקום. A lot of ways Hashem We have If we're going to get killed, we deserve to die, the Eibershter could do it some other way. הרבה דובים יש, there are a lot of bears, הרבה אריות, a lot of lions, הרבה נמרים יש, there's a lot of leopards, שפוגעים בנו, that would get up to us, and that's it. ולא מסרנו הקדוש ברוך הוא בידך, the reason the Eibershter didn't kill us through the lions or whatever, but through you, שעתיד להיפרע דמינו מידך, because he wants to punish you. So he let this happen through you, so you'll choose to do that and get punished.\" It's all connected to what it says in Igeres Hakodesh, that if something happens to a person, don't be angry at the person who does it to you, because if it happened to you, נגזר מן השמים. There's no way that somebody could hurt you if the Eibershter didn't want you to get hurt. Ai, so why is that guy punished? Because he had free choice, and he could have chosen not to do it. Had he chosen not to do it, someone else would hurt you. So the person who got hurt, you know you're going to get hurt anyway. He brings a re'aya from Shimi ben Gera, when David HaMelech ran away from Avshalom, Shimi ben Gera cursed him, קללה נמרצת, it's a terrible curse. And דוד המלך said, \"I'm not doing anything to him. ה' אמר לו לקלל, the Eibershter told him to curse.\" Where did the Eibershter tell him to curse? The fact that he cursed me is because the Eibershter wanted that I should get cursed. There's no question about it. So he later on takeh got punished for for what he did, but the same thing here, says, \"We had to get killed anyway, and the Eibershter the Eibershter would let you choose that way, so you'll be punished.\" So, he didn't believe it. Anyway, אף על פי כן, הרגם, he still killed them. מיד, right away, אמרו, they said, לא זזו משם, they didn't move, in other words, before they had a chance to go away, עד שבאו דיופלי מרומי, came a group of soldiers from Rome, came two officers, ופצעו את מוחו בקיסמין, and they split his head with with hammers, this king. That was they, when he said what they said to him, \"The Eibershter is going to punish you.\" Didn't take long, right away they got punished. Now, exactly why they killed him, the Eibershter wanted, but it doesn't say here what the official reason was for killing him. What What What did they Why did these officers come to kill him? What did he do? They must have found him some guilty of something. The Jews were killed. These two brothers were killed right away. But, yeah, it says מיד, immediately they were killed. But right after that, before anything happened further, came from the from this officers and they killed this guy. Pappus, that's not the same guy. Yeah, yeah. Here it's Pappus, there is Pappos. Yeah, yeah, it's not the same guy, not the same guy. I'm saying, I'm just wondering what what they came to and they killed him, they must have had some kind of order from from Rome. Doesn't say what happened here, why did they kill him, but lif'oal, it just turned out as soon as he did this, he got killed. These two guys? Yeah, yeah. Jewish. Some places, not here, Rashi doesn't say anything, in some places, I think it says in some mefarshim, if I remember correctly, that they were not even frum. What? They weren't even frum. These two. But they went on mesirut nefesh. A Roman name. And the Gemara says, not here, אין כל בריה יכולה לעמוד במחיצתן. They went up so high למעלה for their mesirut nefesh, not one person could stand in their מחיצה. Yeah, he's talking about the other day. That's, again, it's just an example. You're saying it's no chiluk that they went from the bottom Right, they went on mesirut nefesh, they got themselves olam haba in the highest level. That's why they say that one who dies al kiddush Hashem Yeah, kiddush Hashem is the greatest thing, greatest thing. But here it's not stam they You know, we know nowadays if a Yid gets killed because he's a Yid, he's a kadosh, but this is much more. They volunteered. This, they volunteered to go out. Much like all those Yidden in the Holocaust that got killed al kiddush Hashem, so that, they're all kedoshim. But they weren't given the choice. What the pshat they're given the Here they had a choice. They had every choice not to come. They went out themselves. So, that's real mesirut nefesh. And on top of that, they saved all these Yidden. I know, that's mesirut nefesh. They saved, yeah, the rest of the Yidden were not killed. The rest, yeah. It's tremendous. So, bears and lions, it sometimes goes on Persians and the, I don't know, the others, the other nations. The Persians are called bears, yeah. Persians? Yeah, Paras. Is this in Gemara? Don't. Yeah, the next, we're starting a new next perek. מעשה שירדו זקנים מירושלים לעריהם, there's a story that זקנים came from Yerushalayim to the different cities, וגזרו תענית, in all ארץ ישראל, וגזרו תענית, and they made a This perek talks about when is there a need to make a taanit, to make a fast. So, it's not only for rain, rain is one of the things. If there is a plague, if you see there is a mishlachat of wild animals, mishlachat means a A what? A herd. A herd. Yiddish, that's Yiddish, I was going to say that. A herd? No. A herd is a group. A stampede! A stampede, coming crazy! No, plague is something else. And then, all kinds of things. If all of a sudden walls are falling, I mean different things. So, they made a תענית על שנראה כמלא פי תנור שדפון באשקלון. They saw in Ashkelon a shidafon. Shidafon is when tevuah, the grain, is knocked down by winds. And they saw a little bit. They saw מלא פי תנור. מלא פי תנור is if they would enough wheat that if they would grind it and make flour out of it, it would fill up one oven. And they saw a שדפון, they saw that there that already made them get scared and they made the fast that it shouldn't happen. Like Ebola. Like Ebola? When they see a little bit, they get scared. Yeah, or like they have the fly that carries the West Nile the the West Nile fly or something like that. So, remember, they saw one or two here and they made a whole thing, they sprayed the whole country, they the whole, cuz if that's the same thing here. ועוד גזרו תענית, they also made a תענית, על שאכלו זאבים שני תינוקות בעבר הירדן, that two wolves ate up two children in Ever HaYarden. Rabbi Yosi says, לא על שאכלו, no, they didn't eat, אלא על שנראו. All it is, they saw them coming and that was enough for them to make a taanit, cuz they knew that this is going to continue. נו, מסיימין פירקא. מסיימין פירקא. Yashar koach. Well, I guess we learned the whole Mishnah. We finished the whole Mishnah.