תנו רבנן we're holding. Middle of י\"ט. תנו רבנן, the רבנן'ס האבן געלערנט. יש זריז ונשכר. You have a guy who works a lot, he's, wie men zogt a pikeach, a געשיקטער חבר'ה-מאן, he's a guy works. No, I'm saying, but there's a guy active and he works, ונשכר, and he gains by it. יש זריז ונפסד, there's a guy who, a good worker, a good, he works a lot and he loses. יש שפל ונשכר, you have a שלמזל who doesn't work, but he gains. And יש שפל ונפסד, you have a guy who doesn't work and he loses. What is the case? כדאיתא: זריז ונשכר, who's a guy who works and he gains? דעביד כולה שבתא, he works the whole week, ולא עביד במעלי שבתא, Friday he doesn't work. So this guy, he works, and he works in the right time, and he take works in a way that he he gains, cuz Friday he doesn't work. Friday, Shabbos? No, Friday. Shabbos, of course he don't work. Friday he doesn't work. Yeah, we said before Friday after actually piece before that we we learned last time that it's after מנחה that it says אין רואה סימן ברכה לעולם. That's not even it's even later, after מנחה קטנה. A few hours if after. So if you work then, it's אין רואה סימן ברכה. So you shouldn't work then. It's not it's not asur, but it's, the Gemara calls it a נידנוד עבירה. It's a a connection to aveirah. But after מנחה גדולה? מנחה גדולה is חצות. So

what time would that be today? 5:00? 3 and 1/2 It's an hour and no, it's 3 hours before שקיעה. Cuz מנחה גדולה is 6 hours, actually 5 and 1/2 hours, and then you have מנחה קטנה is 3 hours later, and then you have פלג המנחה, an hour and a quarter. Yeah, this time of the year. But that's פלג המנחה. Not פלג המנחה, מנחה קטנה. You have מנחה גדולה, מנחה קטנה and פלג המנחה. מנחה גדולה is 6 5... There's מנחה גדולה, then פלג. It doesn't have the מנחה קטנה here. מנחה גדולה, yeah. An hour and a half before sunset. No. פלג 7:19 is פלג, yeah, because שקיעה is now 8:00, almost 8:15. So that's not 3 hours. No, מנחה קטנה is 3 hours. 2 and 1/2 hours actually. What did you say, Rashi? You have like this. מנחה גדולה is is 5 and 1/2 hours before the שקיעה, but hours meaning שעות זמניות. 9 9 is 4:47, 9 9 9 and 1/2. It's a quarter to 5, it's a quarter to 5, yeah. So you have 6 5 and 1/2 hours, then you have instead of 3, 2 and 1/2 hours, and then you have an hour and a quarter. An hour and a quarter is פלג. פלג means half. What do you mean? From מנחה קטנה to the שקיעה, half of that. From מנחה קטנה to the שקיעה, and half of that, פלג, פלג means half, is is פלג המנחה. So you have מנחה קטנה to the שקיעה, you have מנחה גדולה. מנחה גדולה is really by חצות, but since in בית המקדש they couldn't bring the קרבן until a half hour later, so they used to bring it 6 and 1/2 hours of the day. The day is divided to 12 hours from the beginning of sunrise, it's 6 and a it's 12 hours. So they used to bring it not the באמת by חצות you're able to, but because they couldn't tell whatever, so it's 5 and a 6 and 1/2 hours. So 6 and 1/2 hours is מנחה מנחה גדולה. So yeah, now you have 5 and 1/2 hours from then to the שקיעה. Half of that, so actually it's three and it's it's two and a half hours before the שקיעה. That's מנחה קטנה. And an hour and a quarter is פלג המנחה. So the extra half hour is because they wanted to be sure? They wanted to be sure that you have to have it says, when is it called בין הערבים? When you see the shade, the shadow or the shade, on the other side. Like this, the sun rises here, you have like a wall here, yeah? Rises here, so always the shade is on this side, the shadow. As it goes, it goes now it comes to this side, it goes on that side. And it has to be when the shade is on this side, starting on this side, that's חצות. Now,

when the sun is right חצות, it's right directly on top. So there's no shade neither here nor there. It just takes a half an hour it took in the בית המקדש with the way the wall was made until they realized that the shade is already the shadow is on this side. That's why they couldn't bring the קרבן until 6 and 1/2 hours. So from there, 6 and 1/2 hours, so 2 and 1/2 hours before the שקיעה is מנחה קטנה, and then it's פלג המנחה. Remember the size of the wall had something to do with it? Yeah yeah, it says because the wall was the way the shape... whatever, it's beside our point. So this is to tell you that he doesn't work Friday by So if a guy doesn't work Friday after that time, so he is a זריז. Why is he a זריז? Because he works the whole week, so this guy is a working guy, and he knows when not to work. So he's gaining. זריז ונפסד, you have a guy who works a lot, but he loses. דעביד מכולה שבתא, he works the whole week, ועביד במעלי שבתא, he works Friday also when he shouldn't be working. So that guy is working and working and he's ruining it for himself. Then you have שפל ונשכר, you have a guy The שפל doesn't do anything, but he's gaining. דלא עביד כולה שבתא, he doesn't work the whole week, but דלא עביד במעלי שבתא, doesn't work all week, doesn't work Friday either. So you have this guy who is הגם he doesn't work Friday not because of any כוונות, because he doesn't know, he's a שלימזל, doesn't work. L'poel he doesn't work Friday, it's a groise zach. Then you have שפל ונפסד, a guy who doesn't work and he loses, דלא עביד כולה שבתא, he doesn't work a whole week, it's שלא לשמה, ועביד במעלי שבתא, and Friday he works. Punkt has a job Friday afternoon. This guy is a shlimazel and he's going to lose also. So this the guy before him doesn't work a whole week and doesn't work Friday, hagam he doesn't work Friday because he doesn't work, he's a leydeger, he doesn't do anything, lefoal he's not working. That's right. No, that's because for preparing שבת. Yeah, yeah, it means you don't work because you're busy preparing for שבת. And the Gemara gives an example, a similar thing. אמר רבא, רבא said, הני נשי דמחוזא, you have these women from מחוזא. אף על גב דהא דלא עבדן אי עבידתא במעלי שבתא, the reason they don't work on Friday משום מפנקותא, they're lazy, אבער מפנקותא, דהא כל יומא ויומא נמי לא עבדן, because they don't work all week either, every day they don't work, אפילו הכי שפל ונשכר קרינן בהו. We still should call them שפל ונשכר because they're שפל, שפל means not working, but they gained, lefoal they're doing a good thing. This reminds me this that the logic behind this. There was a bachur used to learn in RJJ. I used to give a shiur to this to the bachurim in RJJ every day.

There was a bachur there that he started becoming mekushar, and he started growing a beard. So the Rosh Yeshiva called him over, and he said, \"Why are you growing a beard? What kind of maasim is this? A bachur should grow a beard? You shouldn't grow a beard.\" And he told him, \"Besides that, it's chilul Hashem, because this was in the 60s. In the 60s, you had all these hippies and these these these beatniks, they all had beards. So you having a beard, you look like them, and you're a chilul Hashem.\" I got him to go into yechidus. He went to yechidus. I remember I was standing outside that that door. That boy. He went to yechidus, and I was standing there, and he told me he was going, I told him to, ask the Rebbe what you should do. So the Rebbe, so the Rebbe started telling him about a beard, it's you know, מדות הרחמים, the importance. Then the Rebbe says to him, \"נוגע what you're saying that the hippies also wear beards, so it's maybe also chilul Hashem, so I would like to tell you that if you have a hippie who happens to be a yid, and he's wearing a beard, so he's doing with one aveirah less.\" Look at the difference. You're saying you're like Forget the hippie himself! If he's a yid, and he's wearing a beard, he's doing one aveirah less. Ai, he's not doing it because he wants to have a beard like Torah says you should have a beard, the fact is he's not cutting his beard. The same exactly the גמרא says here: not working Friday because they don't work a whole week, they're class leydeger, but lefoal, they're not working Friday, it's a big inyan, it's a Much like Shabbos. If you have a פרייער ייד who doesn't work Shabbos because he doesn't have a job, the bottom line he's not working on Shabbos, so he's keeping שבת. זאגט די גמרא: רבא רמי,

Rava asked a שאלה, and always the word רמי means that there's a סתירה between two פסוקים, that's the expression. What? Keeping Shabbos? No, it doesn't really matter. Just like over here, even Friday's if it's not lishmah, we say it's okay. So Rava asked a סתירה. One פסוק says, \"כי גדול מעל שמים חסדך,\" your chesed is goes, the chesed of a Yid who does mitzvot goes on top of שמים. כתיב, another פסוק says, \"כי גדול,\" the same both in Tehillim, \"עד שמים חסדך,\" goes till the שמים. איי, and I mentioned that we're holding by this in the Gemara, the מעשה with the Alter Rebbe, when he asked him, the מתנגד asked him, \"Where do you get this idea that if it doesn't have אהבה ויראה it doesn't fly up?\" So he said, \"Says in Zohar.\" He says, \"We don't פסקן from Zohar.\" He says, \"It's a Gemara.\" Says, \"There's no Gemara.\" Says, \"Yeah.\" So he had to think of the whole Shas, and couldn't think of. \"Give me a hint.\" \"Pesachim,\" couldn't think. Said the Alter Rebbe quoted this Gemara, that here it says goes על שמים, here עד שמים. Okay, so so which one is it? כאן בעושים לשמה, כאן בעושים שלא לשמה. If you do she'lo lishmah, it goes till שמים, it doesn't really fly up higher. You do lishmah, it goes higher. But even if you do shelo lishmah, it does go up to a certain degree. Huh? Hey, mentioned also here. Because mosif, but after the zman of הוספה, מוסיפים מחול על הקודש, should add, shouldn't work. On Havdalah, you mean Havdalah or you mean even אתה חוננתנו? If you don't say אתה חוננתנו, then pashut you're not allowed to do melachah even. Derabbanan, but you know, yeah. But if you make Havdalah, then you're allowed to do melachah. But going to work, here we're not talking about doing melachah like lighting a match, this this is not. Motzaei Shabbat you can't, it's an איסור מלאכה. You can't work, you can't go to your job. Yeah, unless it's you know Certain occasions. A mashgiach? What? A cap, you might go to your job to make sure, make sure they're eating kosher. Right, that's what I'm saying. Yeah, sure, obviously in those cases You have to. And you should, if you do it shelo lishmah is also good. That is lishmah. Huh? That's called lishmah. If you're doing it mashgiach, for example. Yeah, even though you mean the paycheck, but the bottom line, you're doing something. I don't know if it's called lishmah or shelo lishmah. And what's the din if you do something lishmah and shelo lishmah? We learned it earlier. No, that's if you do completely shelo lishmah. That is what we're going to learn right now. We learned before, no, if

someone gives money for צדקה על מנת שיחיה בני, his son is sick and he gives money his son should live. הרי זה צדיק גמור. That's complete, that's called lishmah. Ai, he's doing it shelo lishmah? So, Tosafot explains that what happens if chas veshalom his son doesn't get better? You think he'll regret why he gave the tzedakah? Because if he regrets then ela mai, so he meant tzedakah anyway. So, here he is doing it לשם צדקה, and also l'shem his son should get cured. So, it's lishmah and shelo lishmah. And the din is הרי זה צדיק גמור. Why is that shelo lishmah? He has a benefit, he's doing it for a True, but that's still shelo lishmah. If you give, do a mitzvah in order to get a benefit from it, the only thing if you The only thing by mezuzah it says put up a mezuzah. Yeah, it's true. Who says that you're allowed to that that's the highest level? The Aibershter says it happens. Torah says, אם בחקתי תלכו ונתתי גשמיכם בעתם. Yeah, and if a person does it because he wants rain, it's called shelo lishmah. Huh? By tzedakah. Yeah, but it's still shelo lishmah. But Hashem' says, you're allowed to do it, test me, \"ובחנוני נא בזאת.\" So if you're doing doing it to test him, it's lishmah? No. It's still shelo lishmah. Telling you that's right. Telling you you could test him if you want, I promise you it'll happen. To do just for the mitzvah. Yeah, שלא על מנת לקבל פרס. What does it say in Pirkei Avot? That אל תהיו כעבדים המשמשין את הרב על מנת לקבל פרס, אלא הוו כעבדים המשמשין את הרב שלא על מנת לקבל פרס.

There was a story with the Baal Shem Tov, when he heard a bas kol from heaven. He once gave a berachah to somebody, should have children. Right away he heard a bas kol from heaven was very upset because this guy couldn't have children. But the Baal Shem Tov said he should, so למעלה they have to listen. But they got very angry at the Baal Shem Tov. So, a bas kol came out and said to the Baal Shem Tov, \"Because of what you did, we're going to listen to you, but you lost your חלק לעולם הבא.\" פש, finish, you get no more חלק לעולם הבא. So the Baal Shem Tov heard it, he started smiling. \"Now I could serve the אייבערשטער ממש לשמה! I could serve the I'm not going to get no עולם הבא! שלא על מנת לקבל פרס!\" So, he was really happy, started smiling, said, \"Baruch Hashem!\" As soon as he started smiling, a bas kol came out: \"You just got your עולם הבא back!\" Yeah, כדי דאמר רב דאמר רב יהודה אמר רב: לעולם יעסוק אדם בתורה ומצות אף על פי שלא לשמה, a person should always do Torah umitzvot even though it's שלא לשמה, שמתוך שלא לשמה בא לשמה, from shelo lishmah he comes to lishmah. And here you have the חסידישע טייטש, the רבי'ס טייטש. That just פשוט פשט is from shelo lishmah eventually you do it a long time shelo lishmah, you'll get to lishmah. The רבי טייטש'ס מתוך, the toch of the shelo lishmah is lishmah. As much as you think it's שלא לשמה, בעצם, every Yid wants to do a mitzvah. Toch means the inside. The inside of of shelo lishmah is is really while you're doing it shelo lishmah, really you're doing it lishmah. You just don't know about it. But the neshamah really wanted the mitzvah. Similar to what the Rebbe said in the video yesterday, that even Bilaam, it's an example of that, all the goyim, whatever they say, whatever they do is it's from the mouth of Hashem, so even more so by an Yid. Why not? He has of course that's more bechirah. He has bechirah. יכול לעשות דבר ברכה, you can make a ברכה, לתת צדקה לרפואה של הבן, לא? You're allowed to, yeah. Still shelo lishmah. But no, but since you give and you have in mind tzedakah anyway, that's what the Gemara says, that's called lishmah and shelo lishmah. Shelo lishmah means completely, if not for the purpose why you're doing it, you wouldn't do it. Wanting to help another Yid? Another Yid, okay, but it's your your own your own child, but you find that it's also to help another Yid. Okay, that's lishmah. Because I want to help another Yid, does the Eibishter say that was What do I get? Shelo lishmah means I'm doing it for my benefit. Yeah. If I want another Yid to gain, that's lishmah. He's saying it doesn't promise you It says that if you if you give money That's Promises you. Well, I mean, the emunah promises you. No, the Eibishter promised, עשר בשביל שתתעשר. You give money, you'll get, and the Eibishter says, \"Test me.\" There's a pasuk, \"ובחנוני נא בזאת.\" That's what I'm saying, to to to get a berachah for his son. The fact he gives money to for his berachah for his son, it is lishmah because there is no p'niyah, there is not No, the p'niyah, his son should get healthy, that's the p'niyah. He he means the mitzvah of tzedakah. also, but it's a paniah. But he's saying if someone else's son, then it's lishmah. Then it's lishmah, then it's mamash lishmah. Here it's shelo lishmah and lishmah, but if you're doing it for someone else's son, then it's mamash lishmah, because what do you gain? So if you're aware that if you daven for someone else first, you'll get answered, at some... But are you doing it for that reason? That depends on... Shelo lishmah, if you're doing it, I'm davening kedei I should be answered. So you know it, so ... That's for sure. Like it says here now, the רבי is מדייק here. It doesn't even say you're allowed to do it shelo lishmah. לעולם יעסוק אדם, do it. He's saying a הוראה, do it shelo lishmah. And to us, let's do it shelo lishmah, a חסידישע פשט. We shouldn't wait for lishmah. Can we do it shelo lishmah, as long as you do the right thing, who cares lishmah, shelo lishmah nowadays. Yeah.

תנו רבנן, the רבנן have learned, המצפה לשכר אשתו, someone waits for the salary of his wife, in other words, his wife works and he's relying on her, or he's relying on the on the profit you make from a ריחים, from a mill, אינו רואה סימן ברכה לעולם. You'll never see a סימן ברכה. This is a terrible type of way to make money, and it explains why it is. שכר אשתו, what kind of שכר אשתו, what kind of שכר do we mean? מלתקולתא. מלתקולתא, I don't know, it used to be that they used to carry like a weight and walk around from place to place and ask people, \"Maybe you want to use this?\" so using it, they'll give you a penny, and that's how she made money and she brought home the money. So it's a very little income with a lot of bizayonot. It could be spinning. Sure, walking from person to person, store to store, something like that, there's no סימן ברכה. And ריחים also means אגרתא, they used to rent out the ריחים. Like כתובות? Like כתובות. That's About the weight and the yarn. Yeah, yeah, yeah. ריחים or the mill means when you rent it out. Doesn't mean if you do business by selling mills, that's no problem. They used to you could rent you could hire out the mill that you bring your stuff and I will do the mill for you. They don't pay much and it's very hard work. It's not a job to do that. אבל עבדא, but if she works, or if she worked a regular work, or מזבנא, and he sells mills, then משתבחא קא משתבחא. Then the Torah praises her, שנאמר, it says סדין עשתה ותמכור, we say in אשת חיל, what's called an eshet chayil? She makes סדין, סדין are sheets, and then she sells it and that's a praise on her. For a woman to go sell and work, that's fine. Degrading, you shouldn't you shouldn't allow your wife to get degraded and to be degraded. Zogt di גמרא,

תנו רבנן, the רבנן have learned, המשתכר בקנים ובקנקנים, if someone makes a living through קנים is reeds, קנקנים is little jars, אינו סימן רואה סימן ברכה. He doesn't see a סימן ברכה. Why? מאי טעמא, why? כיון דנפיש אפחזייהו, they're very big. These things to sell, you got to to sell and make a few dollars, you got to sell a big amount and you got to sell a lot. שולטת בהו עינא בישא, since it's big and you bring it around and you have to carry it, and people see and people start talking about you, the best thing is if you do things quietly, but if you do things that has to attract attention, it's already no good. משום עין הרע. Because it's, yeah, because שולטת בה עין, because there's an עין הרע. תנו רבנן, the רבנן learned, תגרי סימטא, people who sell stuff in the store, in the in the open marketplace, ומגדלי בהמה דקה, and people who raise small בהמות, וקוצצי אילנות טובות, and people who cut down for woods, they cut down good trees, ונותנין עיניהם בחלק יפה, and whenever they or people whenever they make a they divide between themselves, they always pick out the best חלק and take for themselves, אינן רואין סימן ברכה לעולם, they will never see a סימן ברכה. Why? מאי טעמא, what's the reason? דתהו בה אינשי. People wonder, people and these things attract attention. A person is sitting in the middle of marketplace where thousands of people walk by and you're selling, everyone talks about you. No good. Or the second, to מגדלי בהמה דקה, small בהמות you carry around, so they go all over, they bite, they eat, people, you attract attention, no good. Or he says, if you cut good trees down, people say, \"What are you doing? To sell for wood?\" You're not stealing from anybody, but it's not a normal thing, so you make people talk about you. People wonder, תהו means wonder. Or the guy they know, this guy, don't become any partner with him, because when you're going to divide, he'll always take the good share. So, don't do it.

תנו רבנן, the רבנן have learned, ארבע פרוטות אין בהם סימן ברכה לעולם. There are four פרוטות, four money, four profit that people could make from four different things which you will not see a סימן ברכה. שכר כותבין, שכר of the writers, we'll see what that means. That means the סופר. A סופר writes a ספר תורה, writes מזוזות, writes תפילין. שכר מתורגמנין, the שכר of those that used to be a מתורגמן is Translate? Interpreter. Interpreter, because when the תנאים and אמוראים used to give the שיעור on שבת, they used to have a person who would repeat what they said, Huh? He was like a microphone. Translate, translate. Yeah, say it louder, but also he'd translate and explain it. מעות יתומים, if you deal with money of יתומים, and מעות הבאים ממדינת הים, money that you have someplace, like you have an investment someplace far away and they carry your merchandise in the ships, it won't see a סימן ברכה. The Gemara will explain. בשלמא שכר מתורגמן, the reason why you don't see a סימן ברכה, שכר, you get paid for translating, for משום דמיחזי כשכר שבת. They do it on Shabbos, and looks like you're getting paid for working on Shabbos, so that's not good.

מעות יתומים נמי, if you work and you deal business with יתומים, also דלאו בני מחילה נינהו, in case you weren't exact, and, so, by other people, people know that even though you might not be exact, but only human beings, so everyone is mochel just in case you made a mistake and you, yeah, but a יתום can't be mochel, there is no mechilah, there is no דין מחילה, a יתום, a קטן, יתומים קטנים, can't be mochel because there's no דין מחילה. קטנים לאו בני מחילה נינהו. What do you mean מעות יתומים? Money that belongs, money that belongs to יתומים. And you do business with them, and sometimes you pay them and maybe you underpaid. So, by an adult, so the, everyone knows that you might have done that, and lechatchilah the guy is mochel. How? They're קטנים, till 13 years old. So, then there is no דין מחילה, a קטן cannot be mochel. קטנים לאו בני מחילה נינהו. Dos heyst, they have no mechilah, there is no דין מחילה. No דעת. Huh? Because they have no דעת. So, we understand why stay away from them, because you might steal money from them not willingly, and they don't, there is no דין מחילה, so then you're going to, you're a גנב.

מעות הבאים ממדינת הים, money that comes from far away, also משום דלא בכל יומא ויומא מתרחיש ניסא. Not every day there'll be a nes, there could be storms in the ocean, it's not good to have money that has to do with going across the sea. So, all this we understand, אלא שכר סופרים מאי? שכר סופרים, what's wrong with being a sofer? Why does a sofer not see a סימן ברכה? So, the Gemara answers, why? שמא יתעשרו ואינם כותבין. They were afraid if they'll see a סימן ברכה, they'll stop writing, and we don't want that, we want them to write. That's why he says later all soferim are not rich. Huh? No, this, but here it's, here it says: that is true. Mhm, yeah. So, for that reason, the Gemara continues. Why do people become soferim? Huh? Because they have no other choice. So, not being rich is not the only reason. Ah, they could get another job. And we know of cases, someone who became rich, they stop writing, they, yeah. Exactly. כלאים.