אמריתו, you're saying, אמאי לא אתי משיח? You're wondering why Mashiach didn't come yet. I'll tell you why: האידנא יומא דכיפורי הוא, it's Yom Kippur today, ואיבעול כמה בתולות בנהרדעא, on Yom Kippur. On Yom Kippur there were many people, women, betulot, virgins who were who were, like violated by different by by men on Yom Kippur. By who? Goyim? Bei Yidden, bei Yidden. Jews, yeah. Yeah, bei Yidden. That's bad. When did this happen? When they stayed up the whole night? It doesn't say that, but it seems like it's it's like a connection. Cuz it said before they used to stay up Yom Kippur night, but then it didn't work because it was men and women, and this is what happened. אמר ליה, so he said to him, הקדוש ברוך הוא מאי אמר? What does the Eibershter say about this? אמר ליה, he said, לפתח חטאת רובץ. The yetzer hara is making So the Eibershter is finding a zechut for them, that by the door, in other words the yetzer hara it's his fault. The yetzer hara on Yom Kippur doesn't have power. Yetzer hara doesn't... אמר ליה, Now these are the people who are trying to help the kohanim stay awake. No, no. This is another city. They did this in Nehardea. אמר ליה, he said, but שטן מאי אמר? What does the satan say? אמר ליה, so he said,

שטן ביומא דכיפורי לית ליה רשותא לאסטוני. The Satan doesn't have reshut on Yom Kippur to be malshin, to say anything. מאי, where do you see it from? דאמר, Rami bar Chama, Rami bar Chama said: השטן, the word השטן is the גימטריא גימ\"ל מאות וששים וארבע, 364. So בהני אית ליה רשותא לאסטוני, 364 days a year the Satan could get be malshin. ביומא דכיפורי, one day on Yom Kippur, לית ליה רשותא to be malshin. So the Satan on Yom Kippur doesn't have it. It's not even worse for them? Satan. Satan. Satan is not, it says he headline is one: הוא יצר הרע, הוא שטן, הוא מלאך המות. But they're different jobs. Yetzer hara comes to tempt you, then the Satan comes and goes למעלה and prosecutes you, and the מלאך המות kills you, but it's all one. It's the same, yeah, but he has different disguises, different מדרגות. So the only פלא is why he says 365 when it's the solar year, not our year. Our year is 354, 355. Here it's 364. Because after all there is such a thing, it's not a People think that the goyishe calendar is a goyishe zach, it's not a goyishe zach, it's the sun. The goyishe part of it is, why does January start? No, who says it starts in January? The fact that there is a cycle of a year, How did that start? That, they say, has to do with Yashke something, so not that... Whatever, but that's how it started. That's the problem. Used to be March. Yeah, you could start anytime. And bichlal, the whole idea of making a year, of making 12 months in the year is also made-up thing. How do you get 12 months in the year? 13. We have, because the moon travels 29 and a half days. Same, but if you go after the solar year, the solar year is the cycle of the sun, which is 365 and a quarter days, that's all it is. Nothing No, there's nothing That's what the Rambam says: אין חדשים לשמש, לחמה, ואין שנים ללבנה. There's no such thing as a year by the moon. The moon goes out every time, goes 29 and a half days, and But from Yom Kippur to Yom Kippur is 354. No, it's not. Depends. No, it's not true. It's not true. If it's a regular year, a leap year it's three this year is 386, and if it's a regular year is 354. But it evens out, that's the thing. At the end of the day, it evens out. Because the same kashya we're davening every day we say with the קטורת. How much money were the קטורת? קטורת, in davening. It says 365. Yeah. And 368, he says. Yeah. Here it says, yeah, שלש מאות וששים ושמונה, 368. 365 for the days of the year, לימות החמה, yeah, and then three more for Yom Kippur. On Yom Kippur they have three. So, one second, so the פלא, if it wasn't true, what did they do with it? It came 365 355 days or 354 days and the year was up. Now they had to use the new ones. So what happened?

Where did they get this קטורת from? The מחצית השקל. The מחצית השקל that you gave, they used to buy the קרבנות for the קרבנות ציבור, so they bought this also with that. And they bought enough for 368. So three was for Yom Kippur, 365. It came at the end of the year, there were 10 left, 11 left. They couldn't use it next year, because it's already from the old. So what they would do is they would, cuz it was also מחצית השקל, so they would sell it back. They would take it, they would trade it. Why didn't they redeem it? Because at the end you have to add it. Sof kol sof you have to get it, you can't have You don't, but when you add after three years, right, so it evens out. So sof kol sof after a few years, more or less it evens out, and we have to have enough for every day. So if they would have 355, certain years you'd be missing. If you have 386, so you're going to have extra. So what they have is that they have 365, and then some of it is leftover at the end of the year and they buy it back from the new מחצית השקל so they get it. And sof kol sof it evens out. It really evens out only after 19 years.

After 19 years it evens out exactly kimat to the day. Usually to the day, amol amol it's a day off. That's why your English and your Hebrew birthday come out the same, not always, after 19 years, but it's not exact. Amol it's off a day. Amol it's off a day. So Yom Kippur they used three? Three extra, yeah. Three extra plus the one that's normally. אודאי. Normal is normal, then three extra they used for the קדשי קדשים. Us going according to the moon, eventually the moon correct be corrected to After 19 years, weekly. After a leap year, we're more or less even, but not exactly. Still a few days off. No, but we make it that way because of all the seasons, so it can be Right, that's the reason. Right, right. So if we'd have, let's say, a leap year, you have the year is fall behind 11 days. Every year. Yeah. If you can have a leap year every three day, let's say every three days, after 3 years you're 33 days behind. Yeah. So when you have an extra month, you're still missing 3 days. So then you have it every 2 years. Yeah. So then we'll get go ahead. And that's how it goes, by the time You have a leap year 2 years, 3 years, and then 3 years, and then it has to be third year, and then 2 years. After, at the end it evens out. By 19 years it evens out. This is why they made this cheshbon. So, what about this זנות without the שטן getting involved? That's what it sounds like. Yetzer hara got involved. So, הוא הוא הוא מלאך. So we asked before, you know, it's two different hats, no? He works differently, so the yetzer hara

works on Yom Kippur. But the שטן? Yeah, it's the same. And the מלאך המות, they're all the same. The מלאך המות works, works still? The מלאך המות works also, meaning that That's the hat he doesn't wear. Yeah, it's one hat, it's the שטן hat he doesn't wear. He's trying to stick to parts cleaned on this one. Black hat doesn't work, now he's wearing blue. Does he have a Can you wear a shtreimel also? You're not supposed to wear a shtreimel. יצר הרע משביעו בעל כרחו. Yeah, yeah, so they just said. בעל כרחו. Yeah, well. לעולם Sounds like even a worse aveirah. If the שטן's not involved, it must be even worse. Cause they can't blame it on the שטן. Who do they blame it on? Yetzer tov doesn't want to. That's a white בעל כרחו. Cause the yetzer tov, naturally doesn't want to, so it's בעל כרחו. יש אומרים ברחב? Rashi doesn't mean that you're mamash forced to it, but like there is a, you find a zechut. You're you're pushed into it, that's all. Zogt di Gemara vayter: So it says that the people used to come to the Beit Hamikdash to see the avodah of the Kohen Gadol. ולא היתה קריאת הגבר מגעת The קריאת הגבר didn't get yet Before it even got to the קריאת הגבר, we'll see the קריאת הגבר, what the word קריאת הגבר means. קריאת הגבר is a chicken, no? We'll see in a second. תרנגול. What? Not so pashut. So before it even got to that point, עד שהיתה עזרה מלאה מישראל The עזרה was full. People went to push to catch places. I mean we can understand what it is. You wait and wait till a certain point, they open up the shul, everyone runs in. So when they opened up the בית המקדש, before the קריאת הגבר already, the עזרה was full of people. Just like by us. Huh? Just like by us. Just like by us. מאי קריאת הגבר? What does it mean the what's the קריאת הגבר? רב אמר: קול גברא. Gever means a person, the guy who made the announcements that we are ready to start the avodah, there was a person. So before he even got to announce that, already the place was full. ורב שילא אמר: קול תרנגולא, means when the chicken crowed crowed. That what it means, before that. The rooster. Zogt di Gemara azoy: There's a machloket, we said now, between Rav and Rav Shila. Rav said it means the person called, and Rav Shila says the rooster called. So the Gemara tells a story, רב איקלע לאתריה דרב שילא, רב happened to come to the city of Rav Shila. And Rav Shila did not know who he was, did not know this was Rav. ולא הוה אמורא למיקם עליה דרב שילא. Rav Shila used to give a shiur. Those days, the amoraim used to have an מתורגמן, a person who would hear what he says, he would say it quietly, and he would repeat it loud and explain it. So there was nobody there punkt to do chazara, there was no chazara there for Rav Shila. קם רב עליה, so Rav said, \"I'll do it.\" He didn't know who Rav was, but he said, \"I'll do it.\" In his speech, in his in his shiur, he mentioned the words קריאת הגבר. וקא מפרש, so when he repeated it, when

Rav repeated, so he said, מאי קריאת הגבר? קול גברא. קריאת הגבר means when the person calls, because Rav held that way. אמר ליה רב שילא, so Rav Shila said to him, ולימא מר קול תרנגולא? Why didn't you say that קריאת הגבר means the rooster called? אמר ליה, so he said to him, אבוב לחרי, זמר; לגרדאי, לא מקבלו מיניה. It's an expression they used to say: that there are certain flute which for people who, chashuve people, they like it, and when they sing it for, it's very simple people, they claim, \"Oh, it's not good.\" They're not mevin it. If for chashuve people it's good, it's good for you too. So he said to him like this: You're טענה'ing why I said that taytsh. כי הוה קאימנא עליה דרב חייא, when I was translating for Rav Chiya, who's greater than you, ומפשינא, and I explained, מאי קריאת הגבר? What did he say? קרא גברא, that person called, ולא אמר לי ולא מידי, he didn't complain, he didn't say I was wrong. ואת אמרת לי, and you're telling me אימא קרא תרנגולא, you're telling me I should say it's a different peshat, that a rooster called? Bigger people than you held my peshat, so don't complain. אמר ליה, so he said to him, מר ניהו רב? Are you Rav? Are you asking? Cuz he said he was the translator and the meturgeman for Rav Chiya, and he knew that who was for Rav Chiya, Rav. So he says, נחות מר, if you're Rav, you're Rav, don't translate anymore for me. Because you know, too big you're too big to become my meturgeman. אמר ליה, so he said to him, אמרי אינשי, people say, אגרא דסלעי פוק סוברא, if you're hired by somebody to work, then too bad, even if it turns out that some of the job is Yeah, is very low and low type of job, is you got to do it. So if I accepted this job, no matter what, I got to do it. He didn't hire him. Huh? He didn't hire Yeah, but he hired himself out, so I mean it was like he he took it. איכא דאמרי, some say, הכי אמר ליה, this is what he said to him, מעלין בקודש ואין מורידין. Says you go higher in קודש, not not down, so if in the middle of the shiur I'm going to stop and you'll get somebody less than me, then you'll be going down, downgrading, and that you can't do. So therefore let me finish the shiur. That's a few? Huh? That's just a few in the הגיע זמן. You have to know a good It doesn't have a shiur, you're going to stay forever, and Start praying at 12:00. Which Which rabbi you mean, Rav? Rav, Rav. The person was called, no, no. Gemara says קמיה. Rabbah? Rav, his name was Rav. Rav uShmuel, machloket is always Rav uShmuel. Oh, his name, that wasn't his name, he's known as Rav. His name was really Rav Abba. Rav Abba. Yeah, he's called Abba Aricha. Very tall. His name was Rav Abba? Abba, yeah. Says once he came to, I don't know, Eretz Yisrael, they asked him who who did you see? He said, \"I saw Abba Aricha, the long Abba, the tall Abba.\" He was a tall guy, they used to call him, but it's always known as Rav. תניא כוותיה דרב. Abba Aricha? Huh? ארוך. תניא כוותיה דרב, in a beraita we learned like Rav. It says in a beraita like this: גביני כרוז מה הוא אומר?

There was a guy who was the announcer in the Beit HaMikdash, his name was Gevini. What did he say? עמדו כהנים לעבודתכם, kohanim get up to do your עבודה, ולוים לדוכנכם, and the לוים get up to do the דוכן, וישראל למעמדכם, and ישראל get up to your מעמד. והיה קולו נשמע בשלש פרסאות. Three פרסה, people could hear his voice, so loud it was. ומעשה באגריפס המלך, there was a story with אגריפס, שהיה בא בדרך, he was on the trip, ושמע קולו בשלש פרסאות, he heard his voice three פרסה away. How much a פרסה is? A פרסה is is four A פרסה is is three מיל. For the masses, 8,000 אמות? Yeah. Four מיל. Four מיל, four מיל times times Uh? How miles, I mean, it was Yeah, not miles, 12 km. Whatever, still 7, 8 mile, 7 miles. Could hear it! That's long. That's like from Here to the airport. The Jewish is 2, 3 miles, this is more. Here to the airport, really? To the airport, it says 7 miles, I think. Moshe Rabbeinu also had a very loud voice. Three million people could hear him. Yeah. So he heard it. וכשבא לביתו, and when he got home, שיגר לו מתנות הרבה, he sent him presents, you know, he was impressed that he's saying it with such loud voice. ואף על פי כן, כהן גדול משובח ממנו, the כהן גדול was even more. דאמר מר, we learned, כבר אמר, when he said, אנא השם חטאתי, we say it on יום כיפור, אנא השם חטאתי עויתי פשעתי, ונשמע קולו ביריחו. From Yerushalayim, they heard it in Yericho. We know how far Yerushalayim from Yericho, we travel. ואמר רבה בר בר חנה, Rabbah bar bar Chanah said, אמר רבי יוחנן, מירושלים ליריחו עשר פרסאות, 10 פרסה, and they were able to hear the כהן גדול. How many miles is that? It's like 12 miles? 10 פרסה is 40 km, which is about 25 miles. Oh. Why only this, not the Cuz that part Hashem made a nes for that. I don't know, it seems like it must be To that particular thing, but why was that more important than everything, all the other Cuz he said loud. ואף על גב דהכא איכא חולשא, and look at this, this was on יום כיפור he said it. Weak. You're weak! והכא ליכא חולשא, this guy, the guy, the announcer in the בית המקדש, when he announced every day, he didn't, he wasn't weak. הכא יממא והכא לילה, also יום כיפור was during the day, and during the day it's harder to hear. There it was at night, cuz when he announces, it was still night it just started getting day. Why is it during the day harder to hear? דאמר רב לוי, Rav Levi said, מפני מה אין קולו של אדם נשמע ביום כדרך שנשמע בלילה? How come during the day you can't hear when people talk as much as night? דגלגל חמה, cuz the גלגל of the sun, מנסר ברקיע כחרש המנסר בארזים, it's whatever that mean, the sun like drills. Saws. Saws in the in the רקיע like a a a drill a saw saws wood, so it makes a lot of noise. והאי חירגא דיומא, and this the sawdust that come and that comes whichever it means like certain rays whatever comes from the sun like the sawdust, it's called לא, לא. והיינו דקאמר נבוכדנצר, that's what Nevuchadnetzar said, וכל דיירי עלמא כלא חשיבין. That all the it's like like לא, like לא means like that's sawdust from the sun. What he's trying to say is that this is something that takes away that you can't hear. And still, even though it was during the day, which this thing takes away the noise that you can't hear, still you heard it ten פרסה away, you heard it all the way to Chevron. Is there anything like with echoes, or is there any like A mic a microphone can't do that. Right. Speakers over there. His natural voice? Yeah, yeah, I guess. Hashem made the Yeah, סתמא, yeah. It was a nes? Yeah. That was a nes, yeah. תנו רבנן, the רבנן takeh taught, אלמלא גלגל קול גלגל חמה נשמע נשמע, yes. If not for this noise of the גלגל חמה, נשמע קול המונה של רומי, we would hear all over the noise of the city of Rome, the hustling and bustling of Rome. ואלמלא קול המונה של רומי נשמע קול גלגל חמה. And if not for Rome we would hear the sun. In other words they're both equal, the noise that comes from the sun is so strong and the noise that comes from Rome. תנו רבנן, the רבנן, שלשה קולן הולך מסוף העולם ועד סופו,

three things their voice the noise is so strong you could hear it from one world end of the world to the other. אלו הן: קול גלגל חמה, like we said the קול of the sun, קול המונה של רומי, קול of the Rome, וקול נשמה בשעה שיוצאת מן הגוף. When the neshamah leaves the body, the noise that makes is so loud that you could hear in the other end of the world. ויש אומרים אף לידה, some say also when you're born. ויש אומרים אף רדיא. What's רדיא? Radio, you can hear a radio from one end of the world to the other. Wow, a radio? Radio. Oh, okay. It's a remez for the radio. Rashi says there's a malach that when it when it rains and it irrigates the land the land, it makes noise. But it's a remez for radio. ובעו רבנן רחמי אנשמה בשעה שיוצאת מן הגוף ובטלוה, the chachamim went and davened that the noise that the neshamah makes when it comes out of the body shouldn't be heard. Rome doesn't make noise at night? No, they're sleeping. Rome from Rome to Israel is how many hours? Four hours. How do we know about Jerusalem? Ah? Why people should hear it and all the people died, it's not it's not kavod. But Hashem made it for a reason, no? Yes, a reason. A lot of things Hashem made and they davened that it should be Hashem made the sickness and Not this, but the reason why they prove that at night your voice carries more than a day, it's physics. Yeah, yeah, yeah. Is this the way they explain it? Well, that's why they say it is is Other places. Okay, so here the noise of the sun, yeah. That's how they explain it. Yeah, yeah. That's why it's Nothing wrong with b'shalma this was a re'ayah to Rav who said that קריאת הגבר means that the person not, because we see that the person announcing is a choshuver zach. Now תניא כוותיה דרב שילא, we learned in a different place like Rav Sheila that קריאת הגבר means when the rooster calls. As it says, היוצא לדרך קודם קריאת הגבר דמו בראשו, if someone goes out on a road before the קריאת הגבר, you're committing suicide. Rabbi Yoshiyah said, if you leave out, you go on a trip when it's still dark before the קריאת הגבר, you're putting your life in danger. Rabbi Yoshiyah said, עד שישנה, when is it in danger? If you do it twice, ויש אומרים עד שישלש, three times. But באיזה תרנגול אמרו, which which rooster are we talking about that you have to wait for it to crow? בתרנגול בינוני, and that was not a very big one not a very small one. B'shalma from here we see like Rav Sheila, that what's קריאת הגבר? Not when a person calls, קריאת הגבר means a תרנגול. And that's really What someone says, it's a person? Before, yeah, Rav said. Earlier. No, Rav says it means, it means this this guy who announces. Sounded like a rooster. Something had a person like a תרנגול.