Yoma 22b–23a
Amalek, Sancheriv, and the Founding of Rome
Part of Ein Yaakov · 6:23
A sugya on why we no longer wage war against Amalek now that Sancheriv scrambled the identities of the nations, moving into the aggadah of how Rome came to be founded at the time Shlomo married Pharaoh's daughter.
Audio Transcript
מזרע אברהם אבינו. He said that, he says, "I have a מלחמה with עמלק forever." But why? Always? Until משיח comes? And what? We don't know who he is. There is no way to find out. בא סנחריב ובלבל את העולם. סנחריב mixed up all the nations, and we don't know who עמלק is. We assume the Nazis, ימח שמם וזכרם, were definitely עמלק, I can't see any other way. But... You don't know who משיח is either. משיח is in every generation. Yeah, yeah. There is משיח here, we don't know where he is, who he is. Right. But without משיח, he is asking without משיח, why don't we go around and kill עמלק? Because if we knew, we'd have to. So what's, when they first, when they got it, is that, is that earlier שרון? שרוני? סנחריב was before שרוני. Right, and it became when when בוש, בא שלמה על בת פרעה. בא שלמה על בת פרעה? בשעה שבא שלמה על בת פרעה, בא גבריאל ונעץ קנה בים והעלה שירטון ועליו נבנה כרך גדול של רומי. So it comes from שלמה המלך. אמר רב יהודה אמר רב, מפני מה נענש שאול? Why was שאול punished? מפני שמחל על כבודו. He was a king, and he was מוחל on his כבוד. That means he himself didn't respect his מלכות. He himself felt, "I'm not really a מלך. I don't..." So if he did that, that's why... One time, or all the time? שנאמר, he quotes, שנאמר, it says, ובני בליעל אמרו, at one point, bad people said, מה יושיענו זה? Look how this guy help us. ויבזוהו, they embarrassed him, ולא הביאו לו מנחה, they didn't bring the presents they should have. ויהי כמחריש, and he was quiet! He should have punished them, to say, to say, "He's speaking against me?" You see another פסוק says, ויעל נחש העמוני, yeah, נחש העמוני came, and רש״י brings the end. What happened there? And they said, the people said, whoever said that שאול is not a good king, let's kill him! So what did שאול say? "No, no, no, don't bother anyone. Let them say what they want." השם told him to curse me. Yeah, but later on, שלמה, practically he didn't. He just left him. But he had it in mind. He kept it in the heart, and he waited for a chance to do it. So, he took and did it. That's why he tells שלמה... שלמה, he'll kill him, yeah. Why would God become... huh? No, at least he passed, and didn't... At the same time, it said השם אמר לו קלל, השם said to him, "Curse." So, he said, "I deserve it." But the מלכות doesn't, so ממילא eventually he has to get killed. Now here, he said, "Let him go home." ואמר רבי יוחנן משום רבי שמעון בן יהוצדק, כל תלמיד חכם שאינו נוקם ונוטר כנחש אינו תלמיד חכם. And a תלמיד חכם who doesn't take נקמה, doesn't take revenge, and doesn't take, doesn't נטירה, נטירה is a grudge, that, yeah, like a snake, is not a תלמיד חכם. In other words, a תלמיד חכם has to נעמט זיך אן, has to... No, has to נעמט זיך אן for his כבוד. Has to, what's נעמט זיך אן? Defend his כבוד. I mean, not nowadays, not תלמיד חכם, but real. And beside that, you have to be sure that you're doing it for the כבוד of the תורה, not for your own personal כבוד. And then... So we
learn this for somebody. Don't, don't knock a snake because later on it'll get you, it'll get you back. Don't knock, a snake, yeah. Run away, yeah, he'll come back and, yeah, don't take נקמה in the end. Because he'll come and take נקמה with you. פרעגט די גמרא: how can you say it, וכתיב it says לא תקום ולא תטור? It says, do not take נקמה, do not take revenge, and not keep a grudge! So the גמרא answers: ההוא בממון הוא דכתיב. That's by money. Someone make you lose money, we'll see, the גמרא explains. דתניא: איזו היא נקימה ואיזו היא נטירה? What's called revenge and what's called grudge? נקימה, revenge is, אמר לו, a guy says to him, השאילני מגלך. Lend me your, your מגל, lend me your scythe. אמר לו, the guy says "לא", I don't want to. למחר אמר לו הוא, השאילני קרדומך, this other guy who didn't want to lend you the מגל, comes to you and says, "Lend me your shovel." אמר לו, איני רוצה להשאילך, I don't want to give you, כדרך שלא השאלתני. That, what do you call, נקימה, that's revenge! He didn't want to give, you're not giving him. איזו היא נטירה? What's grudge? אמר לו, השאילני קרדומך, lend me your shovel. אמר לו, he says "לא", the guy doesn't want to. למחר, next day, אמר לו, השאילני חלוקך, he comes back to him and says, "You know what? Lend me your shirt." אמר לו, he says, "הילך, I'll do it, I'll give you. ואיני עושה כמותך, I'm not going to do it like you, שלא השאלתני, that you didn't want to lend me." זו היא נטירה. That's נטירה, that's like a grudge. מגילה he said? Yeah, מגילה. מגליך. מגלך. Oh, oh, מגלך, מגלך, yeah. רש״י says... Oh, no, מגלך. מגלך, מגלך is, I was taking wonder why מגלך וקרדומך? Sickle, yeah. Yeah, מגלך, yeah, yeah. Oh, so the גמרא מגל, not מגילה, yeah. Yeah, yeah, yeah. Okay. Huh? Sometimes, yeah, you're not sure. They cited the גופא, like they bring the גמרא, and only for money, money you have you're עובר on נקימה, but if a guy מצער you with the body, is that you're allowed to have נקימה? ותניא, it says, הנעלבין ואינן עולבין, those people who are embarrassed by somebody else and don't embarrass back, שומעין חרפתם ואינן משיבין, they hear their embarrassment and they don't answer, עושין מאהבה, those that serve השם from love, ושמחים ביסורים, those that love are happy with יסורים, עליהם הכתוב אומר, the פסוק says, ואוהביו כצאת השמש בגבורתו, that those that love השם they will be the strongest one when משיח comes. So you should not If guy embarrasses you, you should not answer back. The גמרא says, לעולם נוטר לו בלבו. תקי, you shouldn't answer back, but in your heart you could have you should have a grudge. פרעגט די גמרא, אמר רבא, כל המעביר על מידותיו, מעבירין לו על כל פשעיו. Someone goes against his מידות, which means he doesn't he gives up his feelings, the אייבערשטער goes away his עבירות. So what are answers, מפיס ולא מפיס. That's only when you come he asks forgiveness. A
guy asks you forgiveness, then forgive him. Not only you don't bother him, in your heart forgive. But the guy doesn't ask, you don't have to forgive. You keep but it's not healthy to keep a grudge anyway. Anyway, it's not good. It's all about תלמיד חכם. Sure thing. It's always about תלמיד חכם, you know what I'm saying? So then, no, we don't have that problem. This should apply to us. You don't have that problem. No, this should apply to us. We could be that minority, no? We should be, no? What's new? Not wearing a shirt, you know? We'd be better off.