Kesubos 110bโ111a
Must Every Jew Move to Eretz Yisrael?
Part of Ein Yaakov · 16:43
The Rav Zeira-Rav Yehuda machloket on the obligation to live in Eretz Yisrael, the special status of dying there, and the idea that learning Chassidus hastens Mashiach.
Audio Transcript
ืืฉืชืื ืืื ืื ืืจื ืืืืื. Rav Zeira tried to hide from Rav Yehuda ืืืขื ืืืืกืง ืืืจืฅ ืืฉืจืื, because Rav Zeira wanted to go to ืืจืฅ ืืฉืจืื. So he tried to stay away from Rav Yehuda, because ืืืืจ Rav Yehuda, Rav Yehuda said, ืื ืืขืืื ืืืื ืืืจืฅ ืืฉืจืื ืขืืืจ ืืขืฉื. You go from Bavel to ืืจืฅ ืืฉืจืื, you're over on an aseh. ืฉื ืืืจ, it says: ืืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ืืืื, they will come to ืืื ืืฉืื ืืืื, they should be there ืขื ืืื ืคืงืื ืืืชื ื ืืื ื', till Hashem' says, \"I remember them ื ืืื ื'.\" Till Hashem' takes them out. But a person to move from Bavel to ืืจืฅ ืืฉืจืื, Rav Yehuda held is an issur. Because why do you have to stay in Bavel? Because the pasuk says so. The pasuk says you'll stay there till I take you out. Till I take you out. You have to stay in galut till I take you out. You can't can't wait for Mashiach, or what? It's always follow this. Minyan? Minyan? Yeah, it's a minyan. So fregt di Gemara about Rav Zeira, so it's a kashya, how did Rav Zeira want to go from Bavel to ืืจืฅ ืืฉืจืื? So the Gemara says he holds ืืืื ืืืื ืฉืจืช ืืชืื. That's not talking about people, it's talking the Aibershter said that the kelim in the Beit Hamikdash which were taken away to Bavel will not come back till I I decide. Fregt di Gemara about Rav Yehuda, it's a kashya on Rav Yehuda, how does he say that we learn out? So he says, \"No, ืืชืื ืงืจื ืืืจืื ื, there's another pasuk.\" Takeh this pasuk is the ืืื ืฉืจืช, there's another pasuk. Says a pasuk, ืืฉืืขืชื ืืชืื ืื ืืช ืืจืืฉืืื, I made you swear, people of ืืจืืฉืืื, ืืฆืืืืช ืื ืืืืืืช ืืฉืื, in the animals of the field, but what does it say there? I made a shevuah. So besides what it says, this pasuk is made a shevuah that you should, people that came from Yerushalayim, should stay there. Fragt di Gemara about Rav Zeira, so a kashya is, how does Rav Zeira say you are allowed to go? Says ืืืื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืขืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืื. That's a different thing, that the Yidden should not go by force and conquer Eretz Yisrael by force. That's the Aibershter made a shevuah. It's saying conquer, it's not saying conquer, just go there. Okay, that's what Rav Zeira says, no, that's why, and to go, I'm allowed. This is what Satmar No, this is Satmar based on this Gemara. So
Rav Zeira considered considered himself a ืืื ืฉืจืช? He's so humble that to say he's holy? Who, Rav Yehuda? Rav Zeira. Yeah, Rav Zeira went, he wanted to go. We're supposed to, I thought we had a mitzvah to conquer the seven nations? Then, now there is no mitzvah. Till till Mashiach comes. This is this is talking in time of Rav Zeira, time of the Gemara. Oh, okay, yeah. Fragt di Gemara about Rav Yehuda, so again, so how does Rav Yehuda learn that this means that there's a shevuah, you can't go up? ืืฉืืขืชื ืืืจืื ื ืืชืื, there's a second time the Torah uses the word shevuah. So Rav Zeira, and how would Rav Zeira say? So the Gemara says ืืืื ืืืืขื ืืื ืืืจืื ืืืกื ืืจืื ืื ืื ื. This is needed for what Rabbi Yosi berabbi Chanina said. ืืืืจ ืจืื ืืืกื ืืจืื ืื ืื ื, ื' ืฉืืืขืืช ืืืื ืืื? There's three times you find the word shevuah in the Torah, in the pesukim there. Why do we need three? ืืืช ืฉืื ืืขืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืื, one that Yidden should not go and conquer ืืจืฅ ืืฉืจืื by force, ืืืืช ืฉืืฉืืืข ืืงืืืฉ ืืจืื ืืื ืืช ืืฉืจืื ืฉืื ืืืจืื ืืืืืืช ืืขืืื, the Eibershter made the Yidden swear not to rebel against the goyim, ืืืืช, another ืฉืืืขื, ืฉืืฉืืืข ืืงืืืฉ ืืจืื ืืื ืืช ืืืืืช ืืขืืื ืฉืื ืืฉืชืขืืื ืืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืชืจ ืืืื. He made the goyim swear that the goyim should not be meshabed the Yidden too much. Okay. What about all these? So then these are used up for these pesukim, ืืืืื, we don't have a pasuk, according to Rav Zeira, that you can't move to ืืจืฅ ืืฉืจืื from Bavel. So the Gemara says that Rav Yehuda says that you can't, ืื ืชืขืืจื ืืื ืชืขืืจืจื ืืชืื. The pasuk says, ืื ืชืขืืจื ืืื ืชืขืืจืจื, which means that's a ืืฉืื ืฉืืืขื. Each time it says shevuah, the Torah tells you that it's a double. So really there are six shevuot here. So there's an extra shevuah. Extra shevuah, that goes that the Eibershter said Yidden shouldn't move from Bavel to ืืจืฅ ืืฉืจืื. What's ืชืขืืจื mean? Huh? Is it you have to do the second korban? Yeah. Have to. Freget di Gemara about Rav Zeira, so Rav Zeira... Huh? What's ืชืขืืจื and ืชืขืืจืจื? It should be me'orer, but it's a ืืฉืื ืฉืืืขื. It's to awaken, it's a ืืฉืื ืฉืืืขื? So then the Gemara asks about Rav Zeira, what did Rav Zeira, why did he want to go? How did he learn? Says, ืืืืขื ืืื ืืืืจืื ืืื. These ืคืกืืงืื go for something else, like what Rabbi Levi said, ืืืืจ, he said, ืฉืืช ืฉืืืขืืช ืืืื ืืื? What are these six ืฉืืืขืืช? ืชืืชื ืื ืืืืจื, three that we said before. The three ืฉืืืขืืช is they shouldn't conquer ืืจืฅ ืืฉืจืื, they shouldn't rebel against the goyim, and the goyim shouldn't make the Yidden work too hard. ืืืื ื, the other three is another three: ืฉืื ืืืื ืืช ืืงืฅ, shouldn't reveal, the ื ืืืืื should not tell the Yidden when ืืฉืื will come, ืืฉืื ืืจืืงื ืืช ืืงืฅ, the Yidden shouldn't do things to push away the time of ืืฉืื, ืืฉืื ืืืื ืืช ืืกืื ืืืืืืช ืืขืืื, you shouldn't tell the secret to the goyim. Which kind of secret? So Rashi has two ืคืฉืืื: or means the secret of ืขืืืืจ, how to make ืงืืืืฉ ืืืืืฉ, or the secret of the secrets of the Torah that you shouldn't tell goyim. Kabbalah? Yeah. So we we were ืขืืืจ all of these. To goyim? Yeah. ืฉืืืขืืช. Teaches goyim Kabbalah. Who teaches goyim Kabbalah? You mean we? You don't mean we. You mean there are people that do this? There are, yeah. Okay, a lot of people do that. I know people who are ืืืื ืฉืืช, too. They come to, no, but they come to class, I mean, Chabad is is teaching, goyim come to their classes. They get credits for college. No, so it depends what they teach. But if they teach ืฉืขืจ ืืืืื ืืืืืื ื, it's okay, because that's ืืืื ื. Okay, the Rebbe said when they when they translated Tanya into English, he said one of the reasons is ืฉืขืจ ืืืืื ืืืืืื ื should be for goyim, too. So when you say Kabbalah, what are we talking about? ืกืืจ ืืฉืชืืฉืืืช, not about ืขืืืื ืืจื. What about ืขืฉืจืช ืืืืจืืช? What's this? They say the Gemara, you're allowed to learn. The Gemara? It's the stories. They don't see the secrets. We we don't see either. Something that now that that I don't understand. One of the things you said that it was a ืฉืืืขื that we should live in a way, like in goyishe countries, the way they wanted with us, and like what I remember after that, like, when it comes to rebelling, they always they wanted to take away rights from Jews, or take away living as a Jew, we always fought against that. That you have to fight against. No, but where's the line? Well, anything that's against halacha, that we fight. Anything that's not against halacha, we have to That's dina d'malchuta dina. The din of the ืืืืืช is a din, if it's not against halacha. Yeah, and how much can they oppress and how much not? In other words, that line also, that's That I think they're mehader. For sure. So we have to be mehader in the in the rebelling, I mean against their their hidur. You can't. Well, it would seem like that if they're hidur then we have to. Two wrongs don't make a right. But most countries do not treat us well. Most was a problem, actually. Yeah, yeah, that's galut. Then the pasuk said there, ืืฆืืืืช ืื ืืืืืืช ืืฉืื, what does that mean?
ืืืจ ืจื ืืืขืืจ, Rav Elazar said: ืืืจ ืืื ืืงืืืฉ ืืจืื ืืื ืืืฉืจืื, the Aibershter said to the ืืืื, ืื ืืชื ืืงืืืืื ืืช ืืฉืืืขื, if you keep the ืฉืืืขื, ืืืื, fine. ืืื ืืื, if not, ืื ื ืืชืืจ ืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืฆืืืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืฉืื, I'm going to allow your flesh to be eaten just like they eat deer and they eat rams. Who is going to eat it? The goyim. I'm going to be matir, I mean, to to to get killed, it's allowed. Yeah. ืืืจ ืจื ืืืขืืจ, Rav Elazar said. Is Satmar ืฉืืื that what today, to go back to the Yeah. Yeah. This whole thing, ืฉืื ืืขืื ืืืืื, the truth is this never this is not brought This aggadata, it's not brought in halacha. So we can pasken a din and go based on this and this on an aggadata? Yeah, the main thing is ืฉืื ืืขืื ืืืืื. That's their their thing. So they they don't learn that Rashi ืฉืืื, you know, about ืืจืืฉืืช ืืจื ืืืืงืื ืืช ืืฉืืื ืืืช ืืืจืฅ? No, they don't. They don't have any ืืฉืื. ืฉืื ืืขืื ืืืืื, that the Yidden are not allowed to Rashi says, what is ืืขืื ืืืืื? ืืืื ืืื ืืืงื. ืฉืื ืืขืื ืืืืื means that you should not go ืืื ืืืงื and conquer Eretz Yisrael. There is a contention that when they were in Bavel they should have stayed there. What to do with Bavel? This is Satmar. No, but it said, not to leave Bavel. That's a different thing. That's farkert, it's a machloket if it goes on that or it goes on the shevuah. If it goes on the shevuah it's not with, uh? That's according to one opinion. The other opinion use up the six shevuot for for three for six things. So that has nothing to do with going out from ืืื. That has to do with ืฉืื ืืขืื ืืืืื. So the time is for Ezra? Uh? No. ืขื ืืื ืคืงืื. It says, ืขื ืืื ืคืงืื. ืคืงืื. Till the day that Hashem will remember. That's when the ื ืืื comes or something else. Oh, so the so when Ezra came out, that was That was fine, yeah. That's the time that the Aibershter wanted. So who has Well, now Conquered? Not when the Yidden were there. No, the goyim, that there was a war and they conquered it. No, that's the sheilah, that that's the ืืืง, is it called is this what they what they did, is it conquered? So who gave Eretz Yisrael? The British, the Peel Commission. The UN. Yeah, the UN, after the Yeah, but the Arabs didn't allow. The Arabs started the fight. After the Holocaust. And they lost. So what are we supposed to it's not it's not ืืื ืืืงื anyways. Yeah, okay. That's that I'm this is this is what the discussion is. It was when they fought with the Arabs, it was self-defense. Yeah, self-defense. We're allowed to do that. Sure you're allowed to. This is only Satmar ืฉืืื? That was No, no. Just Satmar. Neturei Karta. They didn't want to fight even then? 1948 they were willing to give it up? They'd rather get killed? Not giving up. I don't know. Killed. No, the whole thing is you accepted it. You should never have accepted Eretz Yisrael. Why did the Arabs fight? Because we accepted. I'm I'm just saying the shtusim. They were fighting before that. The British, but they're fighting they're anti-Semitic, they kill people. That's that's murderers, that's not fighting for the for the land. And you don't Danny Cohen, did you hear today's story? Danny Cohen with the bachur... He shot the guy. The bachur Itzik, the one... the shaliach that had a gun... He shot the guy. Shot an Arab terrorist. Killed him. A Lubavitcher? The shaliach in Chevron. So, the guy stabbed, the Arab stabbed a soldier, and the other guy came, the other guy tried to get another guy. So, this shaliach there had a gun, he just got his gun yesterday, I think, or last week. Two days ago he got his gun and he shot the Arab and killed him. I don't believe, I don't believe it. I don't believe it. I don't believe it. It's Corbyn. I don't believe it. I don't believe it before. You don't believe he did it? Why not? Not, you know, you have some information, or it's a feeling? It's a Corbyn. It's Corbyn. Why do you think so? The police, that's why. Yeah, okay. The police told you? No. What witness says. The police looking for a scapegoat, just to satisfy. They found a Dillman. Yeah, okay. Yeah. So, the Gemara right, ืืืจ ืจืื ืืืขืืจ, ืจืื ืืืขืืจ said, ืื ืืืจ ืืืจืฅ ืืฉืจืื, if you live in ืืจืฅ ืืฉืจืื, ืฉืจืื ืืื ืขืื, you're without a sin, ืฉื ืืืจ, it says, ืืื ืืืืจ ืฉืื, you shouldn't say the one that living there, ืืืืชื ืืขื ืืืืฉื ืื, that the people who live there are sick, because ื ืฉืื ืขืื. The Aibershter is saying if you live in Eretz Yisrael, don't, you will not you will not say, \"I'm sick\", because you won't have any aveirot. The Aibershter forgives aveirot, so we see from there that you living in Eretz Yisrael forgives aveirot. ืืืจ ืืื ืจื ืืฉื, ืืืจ ืจืืื ื, ืจืืื ื said to ืจื ืืฉื, ืื ื ืืกืืืื ืืืืื ืืชื ืื ื ืื, we learn different pshat, it's talking about people who are sick, who suffer from a sickness. So, the pasuk is saying that when you live in a person lives in Eretz Yisrael, will not blame Hashem for being sick, that's something else. He will say, the reason I'm sick because I'm living in a place where really we shouldn't have aveirot, and since I have an aveirah, that's why I'm sick. But it's not a pshat that the Torah is telling you that the Aibershter forgives the aveirot of people who live there. He's really healthier, making him healthier, in other words. Not really sick. No, according to this pshat, the guy is sick, and the pasuk is saying that any person who is sick, and if he lives in Eretz Yisrael, will definitely not complain to Hashem that he's sick for no reason, because he'll realize that he's not well, that the reason he's sick because he did aveirot, because in Eretz Yisrael you should live without aveirot. And why is he sick? Doing aveirot helps you? Being sick helps you? It's a kaparah. I mean the sickness is a kaparah, yeah. Well, always. So it's really healthy, because it's ridding him of his aveirot. That's what it says. Always, anything Hashem does is good. It's cleansing him. Cleansing him. But we're asking Hashem to do it, it's detox. We ask Hashem to do it ืืื ืขื ืืื ืืกืืจืื ืืืืืื ืจืขืื, not through sickness. Yesterday we learned that a person gets sick if they change their diet. So you get sick from changing your diet? That's what it said yesterday. No, it says if you change your diet you get sick, it doesn't say you get sick from changing your diet. No, if you change to eating heaven... So that's one of the things makes you sick, but there are a million more things that make you sick. So here it's just saying if a person, a person is sick, so usually a person looks to Hashem, says, \"Why did you make me sick?\" But if in Eretz Yisrael, you don't ask such question because you realize it. No, but what's that's something else. If you change your diet, you get sick. And if you make the out of Eretz Yisrael in Miami Beach, you can also realize it. You can also realize it, yeah, yeah. If you learn Chassidut, then you also realize it, yeah. Yeah, that's it. Or aggadata? I know not so much, because it's ืืืขืื the... the... Yeah, ืกืืืืช ืืชืืจื is ืืืขืื, but... But you but you reveal the ืกืืืืช.
ืืืจ ืจื ืขื ื, ืจื ืขื ื said, ืื ืืงืืืจ ืืืจืฅ ืืฉืจืื, whoever is buried in ืืจืฅ ืืฉืจืื, ืืืืื ืงืืืจ ืชืืช ืืืืื, as if he's buried under the mizbeach. ืืชืื ืืื, here it says by the mizbeach, it says ืืืื ืืืื ืชืขืฉื ืื, it says the word ืืืื, ืืชืื ืืชื by ืืจืฅ ืืฉืจืื, it says ืืืคืจ ืืืืชื ืขืื. There it goes on the land, so we see that the that so if you're buried in ืืจืฅ ืืฉืจืื, you're buried in the ืืืื of the mizbeach. ืขืืื ืืื ืจืืื ืืืื ืกืืืง ืืืจืฅ ืืฉืจืื, Ulla used to travel a lot to ืืจืฅ ืืฉืจืื, ื ื ื ืคืฉืื ืืืืฅ ืืืจืฅ, when he passed away, he happened to be in chutz la'aretz. ืืชื ืืืจื ืืื ืืจืื ืืืขืืจ, they told Rabbi Elazar, what happened? ืืืจ, he said, ืื ืช ืขืืื, you ืขืืื, ืขื ืืืื ืืืื ืชืืืช? You died on the tameh'dike land? Because and you were in Eretz Yisrael so often, and you still died in chutz la'aretz. ืืืจื ืืื, so they said to him, what's the problem? ืืจืื ื ืื, his ืืจืื is coming, in other words we're bringing him to burying him in Eretz Yisrael. ืืืจ ืืื, so he said to them, ืืื ื ืืืื ืงืืืืชื ืืืืื ืืงืืืืชื ืืืืจ ืืืชื, it's not the same if Eretz Yisrael absorbs you when you're alive or if Eretz Yisrael absorbs you when you're dead. So although you're alive, it's different. Dead already, yeah, it's not it's not the same. don't have to be buried in Eretz Yisrael, he's saying. It's not a not a maalah. Right, buried better to live there than to be buried. Buried in Old Montefiore Cemetery. Better, is even better. Out of sight. Yeah, okay. Than than Har Hazeitim. Yeah. Okay. What else? The
Rebbe a Shabbos by farbrengen said, Mashiach is going to come where you learn Chassidus. They're still Where you learn Chassidus. So someone asked, but it says Mashiach is going to come on Har Hazeitim. So he says, yeah, if you learn Chassidus on Har Hazeitim, he'll come on Har Hazeitim. Wishful thinking. Yeah. ืืืื ืืืจื, there was this man that ื ืคืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื. He's in Eretz Yisrael and he had a ืืืื that his brother died in ืืืฅ ืืืจืฅ, in ืืืืื. ืืชื ืืงืืื ืืจืื ืื ืื ื, he came to Rabbi Chanina. ืืืจ ืืื, he said, ืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืื? Can I go to ืืืฅ ืืืจืฅ to be ืืืื her? ืืืจ ืืื, he said to him, ืืืื ื ืฉื ืืืฉืืช, your brother married this goyah. He didn't mean that she, it wasn't that she was a ืืืื. He meant to give her like, since he married in chutz la'aretz, as if he married a ืืืื. ืืืช, and he died. ืืจืื ืืืงืื ืฉืืจืื. Good that he died. ืืืื ืืจื ืืืจืื? Now you're going to go there again? Shvere verter. That's some words, haha. Yeah. At least that's not one of the things you could leave out of the sefer. Looks like she should come to Eretz Yisrael. Gee, to call her a ืืืื? ืืืฉืืช. ืืืฉืืช. ืืืฉืืช. Maybe she was just dark skinned. Maybe she was just dark skinned.