Parshas Chayei Sarah
Why the Arizal reads Avraham's 400 shekel payment to Ephron as a hint to the pleasure tzadikim will receive at techiyas hameisim.
Part of Bereishit
The Arizal's kabbalistic reading turns Ephron's name and the 400 shekel payment into a code for the 400 worlds of pleasure Hashem's chesed will grant the tzadikim in the future. The deeper question is why tzadikim would be hinted at through the lowly word afar โ and the answer is that only complete bitul, becoming like dust that carries no independent metziyus, makes a person a vessel capable of receiving pleasure without limit.
Audio Transcript
A vort from the Rebbe on this week's parashah, is Parashat Chayei Sarah. In Parashat Chayei Sarah we learn that Avraham Avinu bought from Ephron the Me'arat HaMachpelah. And the pasuk says, ืืืฉืงืื ืืืจืื ืืขืคืจืื, ืืืจืื weighed, which means gave to ืขืคืจืื, ืืจืืข ืืืืช ืฉืงื ืืกืฃ, 400 shekel of silver. The Arizal explains this ืคืกืืง ืขื ืคื ืงืืื. In Kabbalah it says that when Mashiach will come, the tzadikim, when they get up techiyat hametim, will be given by Hashem, because of Hashem's kindness, they will be given, we call it, ืชืณ ืขืืืื ืืืืกืืคืื, 400 worlds of pleasure, which means they will have great pleasure in Hashem. And it refers to 400 worlds of pleasure, and in Kabbalah we have ืืฉืืื ืืช what's the inyan of the 400, why it's called 400, and worlds, etc., etc. But the main thing is that 400 worlds of ืืืกืืคืื represents the great pleasure that tzadikim will get when Mashiach will come. And this will all come from the kindness of Hashem, because of Hashem's chesed. Now we also know that Avraham represents chesed, Yitzchak represents gevurah, Yaakov represents tiferet, which is rachamim, etc., etc. And this is how the Arizal taytsh this pasuk: that Avraham, which represents chesed, because of the chesed of Hashem, there will be given to EphronโEphron represents the tzadikim, the tzadikim that will get up techiyat hametim because they're laying in the ground, in the ืขืคืจ, in the sand, and they will get up from the sand, so they are referred to as ืขืคืจืื, meaning the tzadikim. So Avraham, which is chesed of Hashem, will give to the ืฆืืืงืื ืืจืืข ืืืืช ืฉืงื ืืกืฃ, 400 ืฉืงื of ืืกืฃ. ืืกืฃ comes from the word ืืืกืฃ, which means desire, which means pleasure. So this ืคืกืืง is taytsh that because of the chesed of Hashem, the tzadikim, who are hinted in the word ืขืคืจืื, will be given 400 worlds of ืืกืฃ, of ืืืกืืคืื, of pleasure in Hashem, and that will be ืืขืชืื ืืืื. But the Rebbe asks the shaila: why would it be that when we want to refer to tzadikim, we call them ืขืคืจืื? We know why, because they're in the ground, they'll get up ืชืืืืช ืืืชืื, but nevertheless, ืขืคืจ is not such a nice thing. ืขืคืจ is a very low thing, it's the ground, it's the floor. So why would the Torah refer to tzadikim, according to this pshat of the Arizal ืขื ืคื ืงืืื, with the word ืขืคืจืื, with the word ืขืคืจ?
And the Rebbe explains that the word ืขืคืจ also represents something else. ืขืคืจ represents bitul to Hashem, ืขื ืืืืช, humility, but main thing is to be nullified to Hashem. ืขืคืจ is something that people step on. The Gemara in Eruvin says a ืืฉืื, ืืฉืื ืขืฆืื ืืขืคืจ. If a person, the Gemara wants to explain a person is ืืื, is not a ืืขื ืืืื, it uses a ืืฉืื he makes himself like ืขืคืจ ืฉืืื ืืฉืื ืื, that everyone steps on it. So afar represents bitul. We also say in Shemoneh Esrei, at the end of Shemoneh Esrei, we want to express that we're nothing, we use the word ืื ืคืฉื ืืขืคืจ ืืื ืชืืื, I should be like afar. So afar represents bitul to Hashem. And the Rebbe says this is why the ืคืกืืง here when it wants to refer to ืฆืืืงืื, it uses the word ืขืคืจืื from the word afar, because the ma'alah of ืฆืืืงืื is that they are afar, they're batel to Hashem. Their metziut doesn't count, their own being doesn't count, they're completely batel to Hashem. And what the ืคืกืืง is telling us, the reason why they will be able to get such a high level of pleasure in Hashem, which is really a level of ืืื ืืืื pleasure, unlimited pleasure, even though we use the word 400, but it's unlimited pleasure. And the reason why they're able to take it, to get it, is because they're afar. Because a human being, no matter how he is and how great he is, cannot take something that's ืืื ืืืื, something that's unlimited. The only way you could take something that's unlimited if you unclothe yourself from your own metziut, from the limitations of your metziut, then your metziut doesn't count, and you could take as much as Hashem gives you. And that's what the ืคืกืืง is saying, that because of Avraham, which means the chesed of Hashem, the ืฆืืืงืื who are called ืขืคืจืื, that means that they are batel to Hashem like afar, they will be able to take the 400 ืฉืงื ืืกืฃ, the 400 ืขืืืืืช of kisufin, of pleasure in Hashem, because they're unclothed of their metziut and they have the proper bitul, their kelim to accept it.
And this is a lesson for everyone, that the way to receive inyanim that normally you cannot be a keli to receive, is through the bittul to Hashem. So the bittul to Hashem is the foundation of getting all the madregot a person could get. And that's the lesson to a person, that the first thing a person has to be is humble, and humble doesn't mean just humble to another person, but humble being batel to Hashem, then the person could get high, very high ืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืืืช.