Parshas Vayechi
Why the Chumash describes conquering Shechem โwith my sword and bowโ when Targum Onkelos and Rashi both read it as Torah and tefillah โ and what that has to do with fighting todayโs wars over Eretz Yisrael.
Part of Bereishit
Yaakov tells Yosef he is giving him an extra portion, Shechem, which he took from the Emori โwith my sword and my bowโ โ words that Targum Onkelos and Rashi both read as a reference to tefillah and Torah study, not literal weapons. The written Torah, which even a non-Jew may learn, states it in terms of physical weapons, since defending Eretz Yisrael does require going out with real ammunition rather than relying on miracles; the oral Torah, transmitted only among Yidden, reveals the pnimius โ that the true victory comes from the Torah and tefillah behind the fighting. The lesson carries directly into the wars being fought over Eretz Yisrael today: physical strength is necessary, but remembering that it isnโt โkochi vโotzem yadiโ underlying it is what hastens the ultimate victory.
Audio Transcript
A vort from the Rebbe on this week's parshah, Parshat Vayechi. In Parshat Vayechi we learn that Yaakov Avinu told Yosef that he is going to give him an extra share, ืฉืื ืืื of Eretz Yisrael, more than the other brothers. And that extra share is actually the part, the city called Shechem. And he says that he's giving him this, ืืฉืจ ืืงืืชื ืืื ืืืืืจื ืืืจืื ืืืงืฉืชื, that I took from the Emori, which means from the ืืืื, ืืืจืื ืืืงืฉืชื, which simple translation of the words ืืืจืื ืืืงืฉืชื is with my sword and with my arrow, which means with my ammunition. The Targum Onkelos, but, says it means ืืฆืืืชื ืืืืขืืชื, with my tefilah, with my davenen I took it away. In other words, I succeeded in getting it from the goyim through davenen. Rashi says a similar thing, Rashi says that ืฆืืืชื ืืืขืืชื means ืืืืชื ืืชืคืืืชื, his chochmah, which is his Torah, utefilato, and his tefilah. But the Rebbe asks a kashya, that if the real meaning is the way Rashi says and the way Targum Onkelos says, that it doesn't mean the sword, the simple sword, what it means is the learning and the davenen, so according to that, why doesn't the Torah say that clearly? Why does it say in ืคืกืืง ืืืจืื ืืืงืฉืชื, with my sword and with my arrow, bow and arrow, why didn't it say clearly ืืืืืชื ืืืชืคืืืชื, or to say other expressions which mean the same thing? Why doesn't the pasuk say that?
And the Rebbe answers b'derech haremez, b'derech haremez is like this. We know one of the differences between Torah shebichtav, the written Torah, which is Chumash, and Torah shebaal peh, the oral Torah, is that Torah shebaal peh a goy is not allowed to learn. Torah shebichtav he is allowed to learn. And sefarim bring out that means that Torah shebichtav is connected to goyim also. Torah shebaal peh is not connected to goyim, it's only connected to Yidden. Therefore, in ืชืืจื ืฉืืืชื, in Chumash, it says clearly ืืืจืื ืืืงืฉืชื, with my sword and with my bow and arrow, because if we're talking ืื ืืืข something that goyim could also see, in other words we're telling this speaking to the goyim also, that's ืชืืจื ืฉืืืชื, it says ืืืจืื ืืืงืฉืชื, because when you have to have, you'll have a dispute with the goyim concerning they want to take away a part of Eretz Yisrael, there's an argument over the ownership of Eretz Yisrael, the ba'alus over Eretz Yisrael, with the goyim you have to fight with them pashut physically with the sword and with the arrow, which means you have to have ammunition, pashut k'pshuto. There's a ืืื, ืืื ืกืืืืื ืขื ืื ืก, you can't rely on miracles, saying, well the Aibershter will help, you got to go out and fight with ammunition, like the halachah that's known that's written in the Alter Rebbe's Shulchan Aruch, Orach Chaim ืกืืื ืฉื\"ื, it says ื ืืจืื ืฉืฆืจื ืขื ืขืืืจืืช ืืฉืจืื, if goyim attack or surround Yiddishe cities, no matter what their purpose is, ืืืฆืืื ืขืืืื ืืืื ืืื, you have to go and fight with them with ammunition, ืืืืืืื ืขืืืื ืืช ืืฉืืช, you can you should even ืืืื ืฉืืช to fight with them with physical ammunition. So that's why in Chumash, in ืชืืจื ืฉืืืชื, it tells you clearly that it's a part of Eretz Yisrael, you know you got it I got it pashut by fighting, because when it comes to fight with the goyim, something that the goyim, they should know that you're going to fight them with ammunition. But Targum Onkelos and Rashi, they're part of ืชืืจื ืฉืืขื ืคื, which is only for Yidden, so here Rashi and Targum Onkelos tell us the depth of what happens when you fight a war with the goyim. You got to fight with ammunition, true, but you have to always remember that it's connected to the tefillah and to the Torah. You have to know that when you're fighting with the physical sword and you win the war, it's not ืืื ืืขืฆื ืืื. Like the pasuk says, a person might say, ืืื ืืขืฆื ืืื ืขืฉื ืื ืืช ืืืื ืืื, which means my power, my strength, my hands, that's I won the war with the ammunition. That's not true, that's chas veshalom. You have to know that's with the koach of Torah and tefillah. Like it says, ืืฉื ืืืืงืื ื ื ืืืื, where it says, whatever, the goyim go with whatever and we go with the name of Hashem. Now it doesn't mean we can just stand, daven and learn and not go fight. We have to go fight with them. But you have to remember that b'pnimius what won the war is the Torah and tefillah that you do.
And this is obviously b'nogea to nowadays, this time when the goyim are fighting against Eretz Yisrael, so you have to have the Torah obviously, but you have to go out and fight ammunition and win physically. But you have to remember that not only that you have to have people who learn and daven separately, but even the ones that fight the war, what is behind it that they're fighting with ammunition that you have to use, but ืคื ืืืืืช ืืขื ืื the tefillah and Torah. That is what is going to win the war. And eventually if you realize that, and you know that it's only, not ืืืื ืืขืืฆื ืืื, but it's only ืืื ืื ืืชื ืื ืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืื, the pasuk says the Aibershter gives the koach to do whatever you succeed in doing. So if you remember that, that for sure will be memaher that will be the real understanding that the whole world will realize that everything is only from the Aibershter with the coming of ืืฉืื ืืืืจื ืืืืื ื.