אמר ליה ההוא מינא לרבי אבהו, a certain מין, an אפיקורוס, told Reb Abbahu, \"אמריתו, you claim נשמתן של צדיקים גנוזות תחת כסא הכבוד. נשמות of צדיקים are hidden under the כסא הכבוד. If so,\" he asked, \"אוב טמיא היך אסקיה לשמואל בנגידא? So how did the בעל אוב, a person, like מעשה the story with שמואל הנביא... בעל אוב... the בעל אוב, when שאול המלך wanted to know whether to go to war or not and שמואל הנביא has passed away already, so he went to a magician and the בעל אוב, they're called אוב, and this בעל אוב brought up with magic שמואל הנביא, and he asked שמואל הנביא what to do. Now, if the נשמות are under the כסא הכבוד, how did the בעל אוב get to him to be able to bring him? So how could you say that נשמות are under the כסא הכבוד?\" אמר ליה, so he said to him,

\"התם בתוך י״ב חודש הות, was still within 12 months of when he passed away. דתניא, we learned, כל י״ב חודש גופו קיים ונשמתו עולה ויורדת. That the first 12 months the body is still still exists, and the נשמה goes up and comes down, also. ממילא, you could still connect to the נשמה. ולאחר י״ב חודש הגוף בטל, after the 12th month the גוף is בטל, ונשמתו עולה, the נשמה goes up, ושוב אינה יורדת, doesn't go down. So here, he still could get him down because he was still not under the כסא הכבוד, he still was at a stage where you were able to come down.\" Huh? It's able to be brought down. Doesn't say it comes, it says it's able to come down. Well, if you bring it down through good, through קדושה, or through חס ושלום through קליפה... No, it doesn't always go up and down. עולה could go down. Sure, עבודה זרה, that means למה הרגזתני? Yeah, he was upset that he brought him. \"Don't bother me,\" he said. Yeah, and he and he thought when he heard he was being called, he thought he was called to the בית דין של מעלה. So when he was going, he said to משה רבינו, \"Could you come along with me? I need help. I need somebody to testify that I kept all the מצוות.\" So משה רבינו went along with him. And then so when when they came, he said, \"Hey, it's you? You're bringing me up?\" So משה רבינו stayed behind, and the whole story how she recognized he was a king, whatever.

אמר רב יהודה בריה דרב שמואל בר שילת, רב יהודה the son of רב שמואל בר שילת said משמיה דרב, in the name of רב, מהספידיה דההוא אדם, from how people are מספיד a person, you look at that person, ניכר אי בן עולם הבא הוא אי לאו. You can tell if he is a person that gets עולם הבא. If people, you can see from what people talk about. After a person passes away and you see what people talk about him, then you know whether he's going to go to עולם הבא. בשעת... No, it means בשעת מעשה also. Yeah, בשעת he dies and he do that... Huh? No, it doesn't mean דווקא the talk that you say. The people who talk about him doesn't mean that's not the speech. הספד is not a speech after... Well, the people if they if they feel that this is a צדיק and, so then that's how you... אתה מכיר את הסיפור על האר\"י? האר\"י ז\"ל, היה עורב... היה עורב בא לידו. אז הוא אמר להם: אתם מכירים אדם זה וזה מצפת? אמרו: כן, ימח שמו, זה ממזר וגנב ונוכל. אז הוא אמר לעורב: לך מפה, רשע שכמותך. הוא התגלגל... That's a גלגול, that's a גלגול. ...הוא התגלגל בתוך... אבל לפי האנשים, שהם אמרו... Yeah, yeah. ...האנשים אמרו שהוא רשע, הוא לא הוא לא תיקן אותו. הוא בא הוא בא לתיקון. He was wanted a תיקון, yeah. פריך הגמרא: איני? It's not so? והא אמר ליה רב לרב שמואל בר שילת, didn't רב say to רב שמואל בר שילת: אחים בהספידאי, דהתם קאימנא. When I die and you're going to make a הספד, warm up the people, get them excited, because I'm going to be there. I'm there, so get them excited in my הספד. What does that show? That we said before the way the people, here we're saying if he's such a צדיק, then they should be warmed up themselves! Why did he tell him, \"Warm them up\"? We're saying if a person's a צדיק, the people are מספיד. So the גמרא says לא קשיא, it's no קשיא. It's something different than we thought. הא דמחמם ולא חמים, הא דמחמם וחמים. אה, ודאי, in order to have the people say the right thing and talk, you have to warm them up. But sometimes if it's a guy's bad, you could try to warm him up as much as you want, it won't work! If you warm them up and it works, then you know that this person is a צדיק.

אמר ליה אביי לרבה, אביי said to רבה: כגון מר, take for instance you, דסנו ליה כולי פומבדיתא, everyone in פומבדיתא hates you. Yeah, in פומבדיתא. \"מאן אחים הספידך? Who's going to get excited by your הספד? Who's If if it all depends on what people say, by you no one is going to say it.\" Everyone was upset at him. Why? Because the people in פומבדיתא, רש\"י says... And he was sharp, huh? The ישיבה was the ישיבה, but the סתם בני אדם were not, and he used to give them מוסר, so they didn't like him. No one likes when you criticize them, so they didn't like him. So he said, \"What about you? You think people are going to speak nice about you? And you just said that it depends.\" So he אמר ליה, he said, \"מיסתייא את ורבה בר רב חנן.\" Mir is genug, it's enough for me if you and רבה בר רב חנן speak good about me and and excited, that's enough for me. We don't need other people. בעו מיניה מרבי אלעזר מרב, רבי אלעזר asked of רב: איזהו בן עולם הבא? Who's the person that is a בן עולם הבא, gets עולם הבא? No, because he too is so important that that that did enough already, yeah. איכות more than כמות. אמר ליה, so he said, he asked him who is בן עולם הבא, so he said to him, there's a פסוק, it says, ואזניך תשמענה דבר מאחריך, that your ears will hear something from behind you, לאמר, saying, זה הדרך לכו בו. When they talk about you, and people will say, \"This is the guy, we have to follow in his footsteps.\" So if you hear people say that, like I said before, people talk like that, then you know he is a בן עולם הבא. And רב חנינא אמר, רב חנינא says, כל שדעת רבותיו נוחה הימנו, a person that his רביים are happy with him, then you know he is a בן עולם הבא, because that means that he's doing the right things. Then there's a a פסוק that says וסבבו בשוק הסופדים. זיך ארומדרייען, should be around in the marketplace of those that do the הספדים. What does that mean? So בני גלילא אמרי, the people from גליל said it means עשה דברים לפני מיטתך. You should say things you should do things that when they go and they say the הספד in front of your bed, in front of the the coffin, in front of the casket, they should say good things. So in order for them to say good things, have to do good things. People don't just say good things if you didn't do. Sometimes even they say good things if you didn't do, but you're שייך to do. It's also something. You don't say good things about a person who is not שייך. The famous story with the חפץ חיים again with the... If you expect to get something back, but you don't expect. So people from גליל said, do things before your bed. בני יהודה אמרי, from יהודה they said, עשה דברים לאחר מיטתך, do things, good things, that they should say be able to say good things about you after your bed. But לא פליגי, it's not an argument. מר כי אתריה ומר כי אתריה. In one place, the הספדים used to be done in front of the bed, so he said do good things and in front of the bed, in front of the coffin they should be saying good things. In the other place, they used they used to say behind, so he said the same idea. Yeah. It does at the end, yeah. So that's why if you say true things, it's one of the מקורות in גמרא, it has a השפעה למעלה. Because of that, if you say false things, it makes it worse, because they tell to you they tell the guy, they just said about you certain things, and it's not so, and obviously they said it, that means you have the possibility you had the potential to do it, because they wouldn't אין אדם נחשד אלא אם כן יש בו, no one suspects a person that Maybe you were able to do it, why didn't you do it? So it brings a קטרוג on the person. So that's why we don't say in the הספדים. No, then פארקערט, then it's מעורר, then it helps, yeah. You say good things, even if the person doesn't do it, it says, just like if you speak לשון הרע it hurts the person. Why? So חסידות says why? Because maybe he has that מידה, but but you bring it out through דיבור. So on the good part is וודאי good. Maybe a person has the potential to do to learn better, to דאווען better, to do, but he doesn't do it. If you speak about it, it will bring it out. Yeah. Should bring it out in yourself also, it's easy to bring on somebody else. Let's speak about him, so he should דאווען better, he should דאווען better. I should דאווען I should דאווען better. So the גמרא,

תנן התם, it says in the משנה, רבי אליעזר אומר, רבי אליעזר says, שוב יום אחד לפני מיתתך, do תשובה one day before you die. שאלו תלמידיו את רבי אליעזר, תלמידים asked רבי אליעזר, וכי אדם יודע באיזה יום ימות, a person knows when he's going to die? So אמר להם, he said, yeah, וכל שכן, ישוב היום, so therefore, certainly do the תשובה every day, do today, שמא ימות למחר. You might die tomorrow. Since you have to do it a day before you die, you don't know. So if you do that, what comes out? נמצא כל ימיו בתשובה. So all your life is in תשובה, because every day you'll do תשובה not knowing might die tomorrow. Tomorrow you have to do תשובה, because you might die the next day. ואף שלמה אמר בחכמתו, שלמה המלך said in his חכמה, בכל עת יהיו בגדיך לבנים. Always your clothes should be white, which means your נשמה should always be clean. ושמן על ראשך אל יחסר, and don't have any oil missing on your head. What's oil missing on the head? What's oil of the head? The oil is like a oil in in תניא it brings it, the oil is Yeah, oil, no, no, not not חכמה, oil, in חסידות in this case oil is what makes the fire burn. You have a wick, a פתילה, and the שמן. What makes the נשמה burn, there's the נר ה' נשמת אדם, and then you have תורה, נר מצוה ותורה אור. And this is like the פתילה and the שמן, so you have to have So, he said, and he said בכל עת, he didn't say only once you should do it. Always, because כל ימיו בתשובה, he always has to do תשובה. What about a צדיק that doesn't do any עבירות, how could he why does he have to do תשובה all of the time? הא? There's no צדיק that doesn't have an עבירה? Yeah, but חסידות טייטשט, it doesn't mean that he doesn't have an עבירה, it means that he doesn't have a חסרון. It's a higher type of תשובה. תשובה doesn't only mean That was one of the fights of the מתנגדים, that they claim חסידים said every צדיק has to do תשובה. Who says they have to do תשובה? You're מזלזל in the כבוד of the תלמידי חכמים. The טייטש of תשובה is והרוח תשוב אל האלקים אשר נתנה, that you become that your נשמה should go back to the same level of closeness to ד' as it was before it came down, which will never happen. So, you always have to strive for it. You always have to go higher and higher. So, you're כל ימיו, you always have to do this type of תשובה. It's also for others, you see? Yeah, that's already a different story. That's That's only for special people, not a regular צדיק could do תשובה for somebody else. A נשיא, because he is a רבי, this is a פשט. That's why, on the אריז״ל, אריז״ל used to say who made up בכלל to say תחנון, to say וידוי? Not תחנון, וידוי, אשמנו after דאווענען, after שמונה עשרה. It's from the אריז״ל. Till the אריז״ל didn't do it. נוסח אשכנז doesn't do it. Even if they say תחנון, תחנון to them means נפילת אפים. That's right. They sit down. They don't do אשמנו. Why not? That's אשמנו is only ראש only יום כיפור. Where else do you do אשמנו? But the the אריז״ל did it after דאווענען and he said we should do it after every דאווענען. וידוי? וידוי. Yes, after שמונה עשרה, they did וידוי. And they asked him, you have to do וידוי? You're the צדיק הדורות. They say he's doing it for others. צדיקים like that did it for others. All the ענטער? אז ער טוט עס פאר אנדערע. פאר אנדערע? הא? Cuz we do it for ourselves. The problem is, some people do it for others. They're klapping somebody, they're klapping. You know the וואָרט of the ראָפּשיצער? There's a מעשה with the ראָפּשיצער. ראָפּשיצער was once was a crowded שול, it was יום כיפור, so there was a guy behind him who was with the התלהבות he was so he was banging for אשמנו, every time he said אשמנו he hit him. He turns around to him, he says, you sinned and you're hurting me? You klapp me? Yeah, you And there's also the וואָרט of חסידים, the whole, that's a long story already, of somebody who became was a מתנגד and became a חסיד from one רבי, and then another finally became the אלטער רבי's a חסיד. And he said that what made him the diff- what did he see the difference is, the difference in the פשט of אשמנו. The אריכות is that the first place, firstly when he was a מתנגד he had אשמנו, איך האב געזינדיגט? Everyone is איך האב געזינדיגט? He's stinking already. So, then he made a מסתמא אשמנו means איך האב נישט געזינדיגט. Then later when he became a חסיד, he saw that's נישט אזוי כשר. But then he started thinking that the other guys are worse than him. So, that guy really So, אשמנו אשמנו, דא יא ער האָט געזינדיגט. Finally, when he came to the אלטער רבי, he said אשמנו means איך האָב געזינדיגט, פשוט! אמר רבי יוחנן, רבי יוחנן זכרונו לברכה said, משל למלך, it's a משל to a king, שזימן את עבדיו לסעודה, he invited his עבדים to a meal, to a party, ולא קבע להם זמן, he didn't tell them when. He said, be ready to come to a סעודה. פיקחין שבהן, the smart ones, קישטו את עצמן, they got themselves dressed, וישבו על פתח בית המלך, and they sat by the gate, by the door of the king. And they said, you never know, any minute he might come and and make the party. איי the סברא is, if he decides to make the party, doesn't it take time till prepare and? So, באמת why do we have to be ready dressed till they'll finish the party till they're prepared? No, אמרו they said, כלום חסר לבית המלך, anything missing? If the king wants, in a second he'll have the party, you have to be ready. טיפשים שבהן, the fools, הלכו למלאכתן. No, they didn't care, they went to work. אמרו, they said איי the king might call for a party, כלום יש סעודה בלא טורח? Is there a party without preparing? So, when we hear he's making the party, we'll get we'll start. פתאום ביקש המלך את עבדיו, suddenly the king wanted his עבדים, party is set in a minute. So, פיקחין שבהן the smart ones נכנסו לפני המלך כשהן מקושטין, they came in dressed up, dressed nicely. הטיפשין שבהן the fools נכנסו לפניו כשהן מלוכלכין. They came in dirty. שמח המלך לקראת פיקחין, the king was happy with the smart ones, וכעס לקראת טיפשין, and he was angry at the fools. אמר, and he said הללו שקישטו את עצמן לסעודה, those that prepared themselves for the meal, ישבו, let them sit down, ויאכלו, let them eat, וישתו, let them drink. הללו the other ones שלא קישטו את עצמן they weren't ready for the סעודה, יעמדו ויראו, let them stand on the side and watch them eating. חתניה דרבי מאיר אומר, so the son-in-law of רבי מאיר said the son-in-law of רבי מאיר said in the name of רבי מאיר, that's not such a terrible thing, ולואי שיהא לאלו אימים. Standing around is not such terrible embarrassment. נראין כמשרתין, like the waiters you know stand around. It's not so terrible. אלא it's going to be worse. The משל is worse. אלו ואלו יושבין, He tells them both to sit down. הללו אוכלין והללו רעבין, these eat, these are hungry. הללו שותין והללו צמאין, these are drink and these are are thirsty. So they like this, they're not look, they don't look like waiters, that's why they're on, they look like people who were also to the סעודה and they don't get any food. That's a real בושה, that's terrible. And there it says: כה אמר השם, so השם said: הנה עבדי, עבדי יאכלו, my עבדים will eat, ואתם תרעבו, you'll be hungry. הנה עבדי ישתו, my the servants will drink, ואתם תצמאו, you'll be thirsty. הנה עבדי ירונו מטוב לב, my עבדים are going to be happy with good heart, ואתם תצעקו מכאב לב, you guys are going to scream from heartache. And he says דבר אחר, another פשט: בכל עת יהיו בגדיך לבנים, always you should have your clothes should be white. What are the clothes? What's the clothes? A יידישע garment, אלו ציצית. ציצית? אבל ציצית, פשוט בגשמיות, you should always wear ציצית. Then it says: ושמן על ראשך אל יחסר, the second line, the oil on your head should not be missing. What's on your head? אלו תפילין, because תפילין is תפילין is put on the head. Okay. Just ברכה, ברכה. זייער יונג. זייער יונג? ווי אלט איז ער געווען? דריי און דרייסיק יאר. דער האר״י ז״ל, 33 years old when he passed away. So young. Why is that? No, not why he died, and he accomplished so much, I mean he he turned the world around. האר״י ז״ל קיבל... Yeah, yeah, האר״י ז״ל קבלה, isn't קבלה איש מפי איש? אליהו הנביא, it says קבלה, האר״י ז״ל. How long was he in a cave? That's the רשב״י. Not האר״י ז״ל? האר״י ז״ל? האר״י ז״ל was about 400 years ago. He was a... that, yeah, but there are other people like that, also. The רמ״א was also 33 years old when he passed away, on ל״ג בעומר. The רמ״א, 33 years old. הוא היה הולך בצפת, האר״י ז״ל, והיה אומר מי קבור פה. היה... Yeah, yeah. All the קברים, all the קברים in ארץ ישראל, how do we know who? האר״י ז״ל. Good, so that solved problem for him. How does the האר״י ז״ל turn the world around, huh?