We're holding סד עמוד ב'. We started a little bit, we'll start over again. It said in the Mishnah that they used to shachat the Korban Pesach in three groups, and it says like this, when the first group of the people came in, so it says the doors of the עזרה were closed, were locked. So there is a machloket. We'll start over again, איתמר, אביי אמר ננעלו תנן, אביי says the lashon has to be it was locked. No one locked it, locked by itself. No, that's how we learned. But רבא אמר נעלו תנן. No, Rava says we locked it. So מאי בינייהו, what's the machloket? Machloket is did they lock it or not? The משמע הדין is, machloket is can you rely on miracles? When they saw people coming in, so usually when you have a certain space, so you say okay, let people come in, you see more than the place could take, you lock the door in the middle, say get out, don't come in. So if you hold מר סבר כמה דעייל עייל, that as much as could want to come in could come in, and they didn't ever stop them and they never closed the door, סמכינן אניסא, they relied on a nes that there will be a nes that if more people will come in, there would be more space. So they never locked it. So it eventually got locked by itself. מר סבר, one says לא סמכינן אניסא, they didn't rely on the miracle, that means that when they saw there were too many people coming in, so they closed the door, so they locked it. Then the Gemara says, והא דתנן, it says in the Mishnah, אמר רבי יהודה, Rabbi Yehuda said חס ושלום שעקביא בן מהללאל נתנדה. An opinion that said that Akavya ben Mahalalel was put into cherem. It says that one of the things he said, Akavya ben Mahalalel said he was modeh that that by din of a Sotah that you don't give to drink not a גיורת, not a משוחררת. That's a din. A גיורת, a woman who is a convert, if she goes through the process and the husband warns her, normally she would go to the Beit HaMikdash to drink the מים המרים, but a גיורת doesn't drink and not a משוחררת. A woman who was a שפחה כנענית and then she was freed, she has the same din as a גיורת, basically like a גיורת. Yeah, that's one of the things he said. So they said to him that there's a story בקרקמיס, שפחה שהיתה בירושלים והשקוה שמעיה ואבטליון. Although he says it's not true, we know a story Shemaya ve-Avtalyon would gave to drink and she was a שפחה משוחררת. So he said, he answered they really didn't give her to drink the real מים המרים, it was a דוגמא השקוה. It looked like they made it look like it, but really they didn't really do it. So they were upset at him and they put him in cherem, that's what it says there. So

Rabbi Yehuda said chas v'shalom that Akavya ben Mahalalel was put into cherem. You know who Akavya ben Mahalalel was? You know how great he was? שאין עזרה ננעלת על כל אדם בישראל בחכמה וביראת, וביראת חטא כעקביא בן מהללאל. That the doors of the azara did not get closed, and when the doors got closed, there were many, many people inside. Nobody inside was like Akavya ben Mahalalel in level of chochmah and level of yirat chet. So he says, so he's such a great person, he was the greatest of everybody, you're telling me you put him in cherem? That's the din there. But mikol makom we bring a ra'ayah that it says in that lashon that why how could you say that they put him in cherem when the azara did not get closed, it doesn't say they did not close the azara, the azara did not get closed on somebody, on anybody bigger than Akavya ben Mahalalel. So it's a kashya on the one that says that he says na'alu, because here it says nin'alah. So Abaye, so the Gemara says אביי מתרץ לטעמיה ורבא מתרץ לטעמיה. Abaye explains it according to his opinion, Rava according to his opinion. אביי מתרץ לטעמיה, Abaye says according to his opinion what it meant is אין עזרה בשעה שננעלת על כל אדם בישראל בחכמה וביראת חטא. Now, it doesn't mean that that he was, what it means to say that when it got closed, and the people that were there, there was nobody there that was as great as him when it got closed. And רבא מתרץ לטעמיה, so Rava says אין עזרה בשעה שנעלו על כל ישראל בחכמה וביראת חטא כעקביא בן מהללאל. Over there gufa you have to say, what does it mean? That when they closed it, there was nobody there as great as him. But it's not a kashya, because over there gufa you could say these two peshatim. תנו רבנן, Rabbanan learned, מעולם לא נתמעך אדם בעזרה. When there was such pushing when they did it, but no one ever got squished. 770, mamash. חוץ מפסח אחד, one, one פסח שהיה בימי הלל, time of הלל, שבו נתמעך זקן אחד. Yes, they trampled one old man. וקורין אותו פסח מעוכין, they called it forever it was known, the the squished Pesach. That was that this was so terrible that year it happened, but like this, and that gufa is a nes. Every year, millions, thousands of people, we'll see. Yeah, Rabbi Marlow broke his foot that year in the סוכה once, that's when the Rebbe stopped farbrengen in the sukkah, yeah. Wow. תנו רבנן, רבנן learned, פעם אחת... Huh? Yeah. No, over there you could take kind of turns, you could go in, go out. Here there were three groups and that's it. Other רגלים, you could go out any time of the day, you could just go in, it's a different thing. תנו רבנן, רבנן learned, פעם אחת ביקש אגריפס המלך ליתן עיניו באוכלוסי ישראל. Once Agrippas Hamelech wanted to see how many Yidden are there. Nu, what did he do? He wanted to count them, but he's not... not count Yidden. אמר ליה לכהן גדול, he said to the כהן גדול, תן עיניך בפסחים. Look how many קרבן פסח there are. So if you count the קרבן פסח's you'll know. נוטל כוליא אחת מכל אחד ואחד. So he took a כוליא, a a kidney from each person, each קרבן פסח he took one kidney. And then he would count the kidneys, and see how many there are. Now I guess uh if it was uh you have to eat it up, how could you take the kidneys and hold them? It's it's part of of נותר, so it's pieces. Took the kidney and then exchanged it for for a coin or something, but they took different things. ונמצא, so now it came out at the end, this is just for the קרבן פסח, ס' ריבוא זוגי כליות.

There were 600,000 double groups, pairs of of these כליות. כפליים כיוצאי מצרים, double than how many Yidden went out of מצרים, ששים ריבוא, and this was 1.2 million korbanot! חוץ, now in in addition there were טמא ושהיה בדרך רחוקה, there were people that didn't bring the korban. They have two kidneys just like us? Each have two kidneys, absolutely. That's why he didn't take two, he took one. 600,000 pairs. Right, that means that like he wanted us to say a million point two. And there were in addition there were It's besides the people who were טמא, couldn't bring a קרבן פסח, people who were far away. So that's korbanot! ואין לך כל פסח ופסח שלא נמנו עליו יותר מעשרה בני אדם. There was none, no קרבן פסח, every קרבן פסח had more than 10. That was 10 at least, and more than 10. On one korban. On one korban. So it's 10 times, so it's 10 million people. Well, then maybe there were children. Uh? A a a child cannot be נמנה on a קרבן פסח? Well, well it depends, it's a machloket. איש וביתו, בכלל they hold that it is. So we're talking about very little children, so. Women. But but here we had how many people came to Yerushalayim, because they had to be in Yerushalayim to bring the קרבן פסח. Not in the עזרה, but Yerushalayim. No, they didn't have to go to the עזרה. One person took it to the עזרה, and then the other people, the other 10 stayed in in wherever they were. Right, so you had But sof kol sof, how many people were there? 1.2 million this day korbanot! came to the עזרה, and there was 10 times as much at least. So it's a 10, so it's 10, 12 million. 12 million Yidden were there. How could they bring a million point two korbanot in a few hours? A few hours! And in the עזרה, But you come in with people, they came in with their בהמות. Huh? There was no space. There was no space, yeah! How could this be? 12 a 1.2 million korbanot in how many hours? Let's say if they started the earliest, earliest they could start is a half hour after חצות, שש ומחצה. Half hour after חצות, how many more hours did they have? They had five and a half hours. Five and a half In five and a half hours to bring a million point two So how how many korbanot an hour? This is How many korbanot an hour? Korbanot a minute. Yeah. Okay, they had more than one kohen, a whole bunch of kohanim, but it's it's it's mind-boggling. Okay. והיו קורין אותו פסח מעובין. They called it a thick korban Pesach, a korban Pesach that was a Pesach that had a lot of people. Zogt di Gemara vayter: תנו רבנן, and now

we're going to learn on the next פרק, הלכה זו נתעלמה מבני בתירא. This halacha that we're going to mention was forgotten by Bnei Beteira. Bnei Beteira, the children of Beteira, were were the נשיאים at that time. And they forgot a halacha. What was the halacha? שפעם אחת חל י\"ד להיות בשבת. Erev Pesach came out on שבת. שכחו, and they forgot, ולא ידעו, they didn't know אם פסח דוחה את השבת אם לאו, if korban Pesach pushes away שבת or not. Should we bring the korban Pesach on שבת or not? אמרו, they said, כלום יש אדם שיודע אם פסח דוחה את השבת אם לאו? Do you mean does anybody know? Any person here have a kabbalah? Know? אמרו להם, so they said to them, אדם אחד יש שעלה מבבל, there's a guy who came from בבל, a תלמיד חכם, והלל הבבלי שמו. His name is הלל הבבלי. ששימש שני גדולי הדור, he was משמש, he was a תלמיד of two greatest people in the generation, שמעיה ואבטליון, ויודע, he knows, he probably knows אם פסח דוחה את השבת אם לאו, if קרבן פסח דוחה שבת. שלחו, they sent, וקראו לו, and they called him, ואמרו לו, and they said to him, כלום אתה יודע אם פסח דוחה את השבת אם לאו? Do you know if קרבן פסח is דוחה שבת or not?

אמר להם, he said to them like this: וכי פסח אחד יש לנו בשנה שדוחה את השבת? It's only one קרבן פסח that's דוחה שבת? הלא הרבה יותר ממאתים פסחים יש לנו בשנה שדוחים את השבת. He says we have 200 קרבנות similar to to the קרבן פסח and they're all דוחה שבת. Which are they? They are קרבן תמיד, which you have already just the קרבן תמיד is how many שבתות do you have in the year? 50 Let's let's say 50 בערך so that you can't err. 52. Let's say 50 שבתות and each one day two, that's already a hundred. Then there's a קרבן מוסף. Then there's מוסף of פסח, the מוסף of שבועות, the מוסף קרבן מוסף, all these all these קרבנות. So all, sof kol sof, it adds up more than 200 קרבנות, and they all were brought on שבת. So, if they were brought on שבת, so the same thing the קרבן פסח you can bring on שבת. אמרו ליה, they said to him, מנא לך? Where do you get this a din that it's דוחה? אמר להם, he said, נאמר, it says, במועדו, בפסח. It says you should bring the the קרבן פסח in its time. So by קרבן פסח it says במועדו, ונאמר במועדו בתמיד. By the קרבן תמיד it says במועדו. מה במועדו האמור בתמיד דוחה את השבת, just like the במועדו by תמיד means pushing away שבת, אף מועדו האמור בפסח דוחה את השבת. So that's the first thing. I have a ראיה from the גזירה שוה, במועדו. ועוד קל וחומר הוא. Besides that, it's a קל וחומר. מה תמיד שאין עונשו כרת, by that by the קרבן תמיד, that if you don't bring the קרבן תמיד it's not כרת. You're עובר on an עשה. The Torah says you have to bring a קרבן תמיד, but you're not עובר, it's not a קרבן כרת. So, it's not as important, so to speak, not as strict. Nevertheless, דוחה את השבת, on Shabbos you have to bring it. פסח שעונשו כרת, קרבן פסח that if you don't bring it you get כרת, אינו דין שדוחה את השבת? Certainly it pushes away Shabbos. So the Bnei Beteira saw this guy, wow, he knows his stuff, he's a big guy. מיד הושיבוהו בראש, right away they put him, made him the head, ומינוהו נשיא עליהם, they made him head of the yeshivah, and they made him a נשיא. והיה יושב ודורש בהלכות הפסח כל היום כולו. So he just started teaching בהלכות פסח the whole day. והתחיל מקנתרן בדברים, but he he started like giving them mussar. מקנתרן, making them angry with דברים. אמר להם, he said to them, מי גרם לכם שאעלה אה אה אה מ אעלה מבבל ואהיה נשיא עליכם? Who is the one that caused that I should go up from Bavel and become your נשיא? עצלות, עצלות שהיתה בכם, in other words, why did I have to come up? The Aibershter made I should come up, so I should tell you the halachah. Why didn't you guys know the halachah? Why didn't you guys, oh it was you were lazy. שלא שלא שימ, let's see what's in Shabbos. שלא שימשתם שני גדולי הדור, you weren't meshamesh, you didn't go to the two גדולי הדור, Shemayah v'Avtalyon. They were in Bavel, no? Huh? They were in Bavel. Come to Bavel! You just learn Torah, how are you guys are lazy! So, that's what he gave them mussar. Okay, let's just finish, then I'll get into this a little bit. אמרו ליה, they said to him, רבי, there's a she'eilah, now another she'eilah. שכח ולא הביא סכין מערב שבת, מהו? You can't carry on Shabbos, so you have to shachat it, you have to have a knife. So they used to bring it before Shabbos. What if he forgot, he didn't bring it before Shabbos, what do you do? So, actually he didn't know that either. אמר להם, he said, הלכה זו שמעתי ושכחתי. I heard the halachah and I forgot. אלא, what do we do? הניחו להם לישראל, leave it, don't say anything, let the Yidden do on their own what they'll do. אם אינם נביאים, בני נביאים הם. Even if they're not themselves nevi'im, they're children of nevi'im, they they'll have nevuah. They will figure it out! What happened, takeh? This was done the day before ערב פסח, so the next day למחר, on ערב פסח, which was שבת, מי שפסחו טלה, whoever brought a korban Pesach a sheep, תחבו בצמרו, stuck it in into the wool, and when the sheep walked, it carried it. מי שפסחו גדי, whoever brought a korban Pesach a goat, תחבו בין קרניו, put it between the horns. Is that a a tachshit for a behemah? So, Rashi says, the Gemara says even though it sounds like it's it's pashut an issur, but it's not. The Rabbanan didn't make it an issur here. It's שלא כדרך. There is an איסור שביתת בהמתו. You have a behemah, cannot do a melachah. שביתת בהמתו, it's אתה ובהמתך. If you can find it for it's a it's a תכשיט for a Not a תכשיט. Not a תכשיט, שלא כדרך, and To do a מלאכה שלא כדרך is not אסור מן התורה. They don't usually carry on their horns or not. They don't usually carry. No, they carry. No, you do, no, but besides that, but they certainly don't carry between their horns. And you don't have it in the wool. And don't carry a knife. And a knife, so it's שלא כדרך, and שלא כדרך is not אסור מן התורה. And this is the בית המקדש, אין שבות במקדש, and they were allowed to do it. They have to get to the בית המקדש. Yeah, but this is for the korban, and with the korban, they're allowed, Chachamim didn't אסר it in this case. Huh? Yeah. רצועה שבין קרניה, that's normal. Normal? Yeah, it would have רצועות, but not a knife. In the horns? Yeah. Doesn't knife have to be, uh, you say, I just whatever has to be special. So maybe it was. It has to be כלי שרת. No, maybe it was a knife כלי שרת from before. ראה מעשה, so when Hillel saw this, he saw, ונזכר, he reminded himself, and he said, yes! כך מקובלני משמעיה ואבטליון, this is exactly what I learned from Shmaya v'Avtalyon and I forgot! Now, just to mention his she'eilah that he asked: what shy? They didn't know if you could bring on Shabbos the קרבן פסח? What was the last time it was Shabbos? ערב פסח שבת is happens even nowadays when we have a, we go according to the חשבון, it also comes out every every 19 years it comes out, I think six seven times, six times, I don't know, something, Every four years. No, it comes out sometimes every year, and then two years later, then six years later, whatever, but it happens! It's not like it happens once in a million years! Could be more, but even then, how, they're Huh? Okay. Okay, but it happened, it could happen anytime, any, any year, it could happen or it didn't happen, so they didn't know and there were no people who remembered? See, and if it's something that one person does, a certain case, if this and this happens, they do this and this, that person not alive, that person forgot, I mean it could happen, but something that everybody did, and they did it 2 years ago, 5 years or 10 years or 20 years ago, and they couldn't remember what happened? So how, this is one of the famous she'eilot that So the Rebbe had once a whole אריכות to explain this, and this was a basis on a whole sugya, on the whole thing, how the whole mesorah went, and he said, actually, but not to go into that, actually, there is a machloket whether, whether ערב פסח, קרבן פסח is דוחה שבת. It's a machloket. A machloket in Pesachim between Rabbi Yoshiya and Rabbi Yonatan. So it's not a פשט just a she'eilah, it's an actual machloket, and what they did, they didn't know what to פסקן. And the fact that they remembered that they פסקנד before, the she'eilah is what do we פסקן now, because many times it would happen, very often, that the Sanhedrin got together and they פסקנד a certain דין, and when this דין came up later, they got together and they פסקנד differently. That happened. So really it wasn't, the לשון is they forgot, it means they didn't know how to come to a decision. They had she'eilot, and they didn't know which opinion to follow, and there was an opinion, even, certainly, there is even an opinion of פועל which says קרבן פסח אינה דוחה את השבת, that was their she'eilah. Ah? No, Hillel פסקנד. Hillel had, Hillel proved them the פסק דין. So Hillel פסקנד. After Hillel פסקנד, it's, it's That's even a bigger kashya that the Bnei Beteira stepped down and didn't, and didn't fight for their הא, קשיא, that's a גדלות. Yeah. Oh, oh, you want me to tell you the sichah? In the nekudah of the sichah, the Rebbe explains what are the two sides, what is the machloket. The

Rebbe goes with a yesod, which is a chidush, that what is the reason for the קרבנות to be דוחה שבת? The קרבנות, קרבנות ציבור. Every קרבן that's a קרבן ציבור is דוחה שבת. קרבן יחיד is not דוחה שבת. What's the גדר of a קרבן פסח? Is it a קרבן יחיד or a קרבן ציבור? Because the Rambam actually says that a קרבן פסח is קרבן יחיד הדומה לציבור or ציבור הדומה ליחיד, I forgot which lashon he uses. Because, on one hand, the Gemara says that it's called a קרבן ציבור. The Gemara says, אתי בכינופיא. It's everyone has to bring it, it's, it's a mitzvah on the whole tzibbur to bring. On the other hand, the regular קרבן ציבור is a mitzvah on the tzibbur, but one is brought to represent the whole tzibbur. Here, everybody had to bring. So it has both. The sheilah is when you have something that's made up of a combination of yachid and tzibbur, which one is gover? And that's the machloket here. So when they compared it to קרבן תמיד, the sheilah: can you compare it? קרבן תמיד is tzibbur, maybe this is not tzibbur. So Hillel held that this is a tzibbur. If it's a tzibbur, you can make the gezeirah shavah and you could compare it to קרבן תמיד because קרבן תמיד is tzibbur, this also tzibbur. And the Bnei Beteira, who weren't, weren't sure, they said, maybe not, not that they didn't know the halachah, I mean they didn't remember, they didn't know, maybe this is a geder more the yachid is gover. And this is, the Rebbe says, a machloket of Rabbi Yoshiya and Rabbi Yonatan, and the Rebbe brings six more places in Shas where there's a machloket of Rabbi Yoshiya and Rabbi Yonatan in different sugyot, and he brings out it's all the same nekudah. The nekudah of their machloket is when you have a combination of yachid and tzibur, which one is גובר, which one is stronger. It's a very geshmaka sicha, a very interesting biur. So it's pashut a she'eilah in halacha, it's not a she'eilah that they forgot. How could it change the pesak, on what basis did it change the pesak from year to year? Because if the chachamim got together and these chachamim hold differently, and you have to pasken according to Does it have to be different chachamim, or all of a sudden somebody changed Either different chachamim, if the same chachamim changed their mind, also could be, but usually it wouldn't be that. Just as big, yeah, it had to be just as big, they could, but they were just as big as before and they held differently, they could change it.

Yeah, yeah, they had more re'ayot that it's a geder of tzibur. The other ones had re'ayot that it's a geder of yachid, could be. So in other words, they the fact that they did it before, made them into a safek, still made them safek, that was no re'aya. See, there are other things which is a she'eilah how it's happened, how they forgot. When the Rambam says that they forgot how to blow shofar, they forgot what a teru'ah is. How could that be? How could it be? How could they forget what a teru'ah is? רמב״ם מרוב הגליות they forgot what a teru'ah is. It's something that you do every year, and millions of people do it! So how could they forget? I mean, how is it possible to forget? They forgot what they did last year? I mean when did they forget and how It's a different she'eilah, there it's a real she'eilah. There it's, how to answer it? You mean to forget means that they that they lost the madreigah of the No, no, that is another madreigah, it's a ma'aseh b'foal! What's the name of Rav Hai Gaon's father? He wrote a big Rav Sherira Gaon. What? Rav Sherira Gaon. Rav Sherira Gaon. Didn't he write a good article on that? A big Yeah, the Igeret d'Rav Sherira, it's called the Igeret d'Rav Sherira Gaon. About how the whole how the mesorah, how the mesorah went and how how it got lost. Yeah, but just technically it's very hard to understand. פשוט בגשמיות it's hard to understand. How do, how do you, how do you forget it? And the

same question with Rashi and Rabbeinu Tam's tefillin. How could it be a machloket? Tefillin every Yid puts on, every year, every day. When did it when did it change? When did they when they started putting on tefillin, how did they all of a sudden forget and they one day decided to put like this and like this? Okay, פאר דעם דארף מען אריינגיין אין א גאנצע אריכות. All right. Yishar koach. I want you shouldn't sleep at night. Should bother you to try to find a tirutz. It's not like I have an answer, that's my problem. That's my problem. That's my problem, that I that I that I sleep.